韩国道岬寺《观世音菩萨三十二应帧》摹本溯源——日本知恩院藏本图像分析与现状模写  

Origin of Thirty-Two Manifestations of Avalokitesvara in Dogapsa Temple:Analysis and Status Quo Counter-draw of a Painting Stored at Chion-in Temple, Japan

作　　者：蓝帅  Lan Shuai;Kim Beomsu(Major of Buddhist Art,Dongguk University,Seoul 04620,South Korea;National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage,Jeollanam-do 57224,South Korea)

机构地区：[1]韩国东国大学佛教美术专业,韩国首尔04620 [2]韩国梵海文化财研究所,韩国全罗南道57224

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2024年第4期117-125,共9页China Cultural Heritage

基　　金：国家留学基金委艺术类人才培养特别项目(编号:CSC202208260047)阶段性成果;韩国梵海文化财研究所研究经费支持。

摘　　要：日本知恩院藏朝鲜初期《观世音菩萨三十二应帧》是流失于海外的朝鲜时期佛画之一,画面参照《法华经·观世音菩萨普门品》绘制了“拔苦”“与乐”以及“成愿”场面。经考证,“知恩院藏本”画面构成多借鉴于我国明朝早期的《普门品》版画,并通过画面的再组合,形成了富有特点的独幅普门品经变形式。其山水排布继承了李郭派的画风,即鬼面石、蟹爪枝的绘画风格,但山石的皴法多运用短线与墨点堆积的皴法方式让岩石显得更加厚重且富有质感,被认为是受朝鲜时期安坚画派影响下而出现的独特画法。本尊为朝鲜时期典型的正面像水月观音绘制方式,与我国法海寺水月观音有一定的亲缘性。韩国道岬寺藏《观世音菩萨三十二应帧》为2005年韩国梵海文化财研究所绘制的知恩院藏本的现状模写摹本,底稿绘制、色表调制等皆在日本境内完成,并运用了传统的模写技术。虽然现代科技可以使文物进行数字化保存,但是绘画类文物的模写仍具有不可替代性。“道岬寺摹本”为韩国乃至整个东亚圈的绘画类文物临摹提供了案例参考。The painting Thirty-Two Manifestations of Avalokitesvara of the Early Joseon period,currently stored at Chionin Temple,Japan,is one of the Buddhist paintings of the Joseon period found overseas after being reported missing.It depicts three scenes of Avalokitesvara’s removing sufferings,providing happiness,and granting wishes based on The Lotus Sutra of Wondrous Dharma:Avalokitesvara and the Universal Gate(hereinafter referred to as the Universal Gate).After examination,it was found that the painting kept at Chion-in Temple has most of its components painted based on the printed copies depicting the Universal Gate which were popular in China during early Ming Dynasty,and that through painting component rearrangement,a unique,single scroll painting characterized by the Universal Gate came into being,wherein,the mountains and waters are laid out in the same style as Li Guo’s,such as rocks appearing like ghosts’faces and tree branches crab’s claws.However,short lines and ink dots stacked on top of each other are often used to create the texture of mountain rocks,making the rocks appear thicker,heavier,and rich in texture,and are considered the unique techniques created under the influence of An Gyeon during the Joseon period.The painting techniques typical of the Joseon period were applied to create the front view of Avalokitesvara,which to a certain extent is related to the painting of different manifestations of Avalokitesvara in Fahai Temple,China.The painting Thirty-Two Manifestations of Avalokitesvara stored in Dogapsa Temple is a copy of a painting stored in Chion-in Temple,Japan.The replica,including its primary draft and coloring,was produced by staff of the National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage of South Korea using traditional copying techniques in 2005 in Japan.Even though modern technologies can digitally preserve cultural heritage,replicas of cultural heritage including paintings still are irreplaceable.The replica of Thirty-Two Manifestations of Avalokitisevara kept at Dogapsa Temple s

关 键 词：《观世音菩萨三十二应帧》 道岬寺 知恩院 朝鲜佛画 现状模写 绘画类文物 

分 类 号：J205[艺术—美术] K86[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]