奥斯瓦尔德·克罗尔《皇家化学》中的经验观念  

The Notion of Experience in Oswald Croll's Basilica Chymica

作　　者：高洋 GAO Yang(Institute for Advanced Study in History of Science,Northwest University,Xi'an,710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学科学史高等研究院,西安710127

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2024年第2期249-258,270,共11页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“《赫尔墨斯文集》译注及研究”项目(项目批准号:19CZX011),科研团队:丝绸之路科技文明交流研究创新团队。

摘　　要：德国医学家奥斯瓦尔德·克罗尔(Oswald Croll, 1560-1609)在《皇家化学》(Basilica Chymica)一书中全面深入地阐释了帕拉塞尔苏斯主义自然哲学的核心教义。他继承并发展了帕拉塞尔苏斯经验探究的观念,力图在此基础上创造一种与基督教教义和谐相容的新自然哲学。克罗尔将炼金术的分离技艺与基督教的启示观念结合起来,使之成为新医学的两大理论支柱,并在其关于征象的论述中给出了内在经验的一种影响深远的应用实例。尽管克罗尔貌似神秘的“经验”观念与现代科学中的经验与实验相去甚远,但借助波墨作品的传播,它与炼金术本身的分化与发展密切相关。In his Basilica Chymica,the German physician Oswald Croll(1560-1609)presented a detailed and in-depth interpretation of the key doctrines of Paracelsian natural philosophy.He inherited and developed Paracelsus's notion of experiential investigation,and upon this,he made efforts to create a new kind of natural philosophy that could be in harmony with Christian doctrines.Croll combined the spagyric art of alchemy with the Christian idea of revelation,and he regarded them as two theoretic pillars of new medicine.Furthermore,he gave examples of application for the inner experience in his treatise on the signature,which exerted a profound influence.Although the quasi-mystical experience of Croll is very different from that of modern science,it is still closely related to the development of later alchemical tradition through the reception and diffusion of Bohme's works.

关 键 词：克罗尔 皇家化学 帕拉塞尔苏斯 经验 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] N031