1972年中国科学家代表团访美及其意义  

The Visit of a Chinese Scientist Delegation to the United States in 1972 and Its Significance

作　　者：彭华 刘晓 PENG Hua;LIU Xiao(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学马克思主义学院,上海200240 [2]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2024年第2期281-293,共13页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：中国科学院院史研究与编研(项目编号:Y729031ED2)。

摘　　要：20世纪70年代的中美科技交流是中美关系正常化的重要组成部分,在我国对外科技交流工作中具有关键地位。本文分析了1972年中国科学家代表团访美的缘起与实践,包括中美科技交流的动力、代表团成员构成与任务、在美行程与归国后的汇报等,讨论了代表团成功访美对推动70年代国内科学和国际科技交流的作用。此次出访重启了中国向以美国为首的西方国家学习科学技术的历程,促使中国科学逐渐融入世界科学发展主流,为改革开放后的科技交流合作政策奠定了思想基础。The technology exchange between China and the United States in the 1970s was an important component of the normalization of Sino-US relations and played a crucial role in China's foreign technology exchange work.The paper analyzes the origin and practice of the Chinese scientist delegation's visit to the United States in 1972,including the driving force of scientific and technological exchanges between China and the United States,the composition and tasks of the delegation members,the itinerary in the United States,and the report upon their return home.It discusses the role of the delegation's successful visit to the United States in promoting domestic and international scientific and technological exchanges in the 1970s.This visit restarted China's process of learning science and technology from Western countries led by the United States,promoting the gradual integration of Chinese science into the mainstream of world scientific development,and laying the ideological foundation for science and technology exchange and cooperation policies after the Reform and Opening-Up.

关 键 词：中国科学家代表团 中美科技交流 周恩来 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]