《四时纂要》所载唐代用盐问题探略  

An Exploration of Salt Use in the Tang Dynasty in the Sishi Zuanyao

作　　者：吴姚函 WU Yaohan(Institute of Ancient History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院古代史研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2024年第2期309-320,共12页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家“十四五”规划重大工程《(新编)中国通史》纂修工程隋唐五代十国卷阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《四时纂要》是内容丰富的唐代农书,其中关于盐的内容值得关注。本书记载了最早的民间人工精制药盐。牲畜用盐有喂养增肥与疾疗之功用,汉唐马病药方不断改进,选材从戎盐到普通白盐,疾疗用盐比例提高。与《齐民要术》对比,豉酱脯制作的用盐变化体现了技术简化流程、普及民间的过程。本书月令占候的盐价变化,承袭了《开元占经》的占卜方式,是农家生活经验的体现,内容上能弥补正史盐时价记载的不足。从医药、饮食、价格三方面,《四时纂要》所载的用盐知识内容丰富,可窥知唐代盐业、饮食医药、监牧马政的发展情况。Sishi Zuanyao was the most informative agricultural book of the Tang Dynasty,in which the content about salt was worthy of attention.This book recorded the earliest artificial refinement of folk medicine salt.Salt for livestock had the function of feeding,fattening and treating diseases,and the Han and Tang horse sickness remedies were constantly improved,with the selection of materials ranging from military salt to common white salt,and the proportion of salt used for disease treatment increased.In contrast to Qimin Yaoshu,changes in the use of salt in meat and grain product processing and preparation techniques reflected the process of simplifying the technology and popularising it among the people.The change of salt price in this book was inherited from the divination method of Kaiyuan Zhanjing,which was the embodiment of farmers'life experience,and the content can make up for the shortage of salt time price records in the official history.From the three aspects of medicine,diet,and prices,Sishi Zuanyao contained a wealth of knowledge about salt,which provided a glimpse into the development of salt industry,diet and medicine,and the supervision of horse husbandry during the Tang Dynasty.

关 键 词：《四时纂要》 唐代 药盐 盐价 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] S09[农业科学]