潮汕海岸带红树林小型底栖动物的群落特征及生态环境质量评价  

Meiofaunal community and eco-environment quality evaluation in mangroves off Chaoshan coastal zone

作　　者：范魏丰 唐荣叶 俞越 王洋 耿乐 董建玮 杜永芬 Fan Weifeng;Tang Rongye;Yu Yue;Wang yang;Geng Le;Dong Jianwei;Du Yongfen(School of Marine Science and Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023;Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Conservation,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院,江苏南京210023 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物分类与系统演化实验室青岛市海洋生物多样性与保护重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]中国地质调查局海口海洋地质调查中心,海南海口571127

出　　处：《海洋学报》2024年第5期68-80,共13页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41576154);中国地质调查局海岸带综合地质调查项目(DD20208013)。

摘　　要：红树林是海岸带的重要生态屏障,也是气候变化和人类活动的敏感区;底栖动物是对环境变化最直接的响应群体。基于2021年4月在潮汕海岸带红树林分布区7个站位的现场观测和样品采集,对沉积物环境、小型底栖动物的群落特征、空间分布及生态环境质量进行了分析。研究区共发现15个小型底栖动物类群,自由生活海洋线虫占丰度上的绝对优势(90.32%);多毛类在生物量上居首(58.44%)。小型底栖动物平均丰度较其他红树林略高,其丰度分布和海洋线虫丰度,叶绿素a、脱镁叶绿酸、有机碳和重金属(Cd、Zn、Cu、Cr和Hg)含量具有相似的空间格局:中部区域莲阳河北岸最高,向南向北均降低。不同斑块间的动物群落相似性较高(70%),解释其群落结构差异分布的最佳环境因子是重金属Pb。海洋线虫与桡足类的丰度比(N/C)、潜在生态风险指数和沉积物质量分级结果均表明研究区环境质量整体较差。Mangroves are a crucial ecological barrier for coastal zones,and sensitive areas to climate change and human activities,where benthic fauna responds directly to the sedimentary environment because of their intimate contact and relatively fixed settlement habitats.In-situ observations and sample collections were carried out at7 stations in the mangrove area off the Chaoshan coastal zone,in April 2021,for further analysis of the sedimentary environment,meiofaunal communities,and eco-environment quality evaluation.A total of 15 meiofauna groups were identified.Free-living marine nematodes were the most dominant group,accounting for 90.32% of the total abundance of meiofauna;while polychaetes were the first in biomass(58.44%).The average abundance of meiofauna was slightly higher than that of the other mangrove forests.The spatial pattern of the meiofaunal abundance exhibited a similar distribution trend to that of the abundance of nematodes and the content of chlorophyll a(Chl a),phaeophorbide,organic carbon,and heavy metals(Cd,Zn,Cu,Cr,and Hg):all the parameters showed the highest values in the northern of the Lianyang River,and decreased towards the south and north.Meiofaunal communities in different patches shared a high similarity of 70%,and the best explanation factor for the differences in the meiofauna community was the content of heavy metal Pb.The abundance ratio of marine nematodes to copepods(N/C),the possible ecological risk index,and the sediment quality grading all indicated a poor environmental state in the area investigated.

关 键 词：红树林 小型底栖动物 重金属污染 生态评价 潮汕海岸带 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]