全球锂铍铌钽矿产资源勘探开发新进展  

New Progress in Exploration and Development of Global Li-Be-Nb-Ta Resources

作　　者：吴西顺[1] 王登红[2] 成艾颖[3] 苗淼 杨添天 姚翔 WU Xishun;WANG Denghong;CHENG Aiying;MIAO Miao;YANG Tiantian;YAO Xiang(National Geological Documentation Center,China Geological Survey(China Geological Library),Beijing100083,China;Key Laboratory of Mineralization and Resource Evaluation,Ministry of NaturalResources,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes,Qinghai Institute ofSalt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,Qinghai,China;School of Earth Science andResources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Oil and Gas ResourcesSurvey Center of China Geological Survey,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Electronic TechnologyVocational College,Beijing 100176,China;Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,CGS,Guangzhou510075,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局地学文献中心,中国地质图书馆,北京100083 [2]自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [3]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [4]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [5]中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心,北京100083 [6]北京电子科技职业学院,北京100176 [7]中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局,广东广州510075

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2024年第4期1-10,20,共11页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：中国地质大调查项目(DD20230139、DD20221794);青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室开放基金(青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室奖励经费2022—2024)。

摘　　要：这是一篇矿业工程领域的论文。锂铍铌钽,既是重要紧缺性稀有金属,也是新兴战略性产业的关键矿产,在成矿规律和勘探开发领域既有共性也有个性并有新的发展。本文力求尽量全面和准确地衡量和评价锂铍铌钽全球资源量和储量数据,及时反映勘探开发新形势和技术新进展。花岗伟晶岩多旋回成矿理论获得重要勘探突破,南美盐湖锂矿技术产量双释放临近,粘土岩和地热卤水提锂增储潜力巨大,碱性-过碱性火山成因-伟晶岩侵入型铌钽成矿在美洲和青藏地区研究深入,中国锂铍矿勘探获重大系列突破,鄂西北铌钽稀土等资源基地建设或可借鉴北美Nechalacho铌钽稀土矿床的勘探和开发经验。本文基于锂铍铌钽矿床和典型案例剖析,提出多期热事件多旋回岩浆分异出熔可能是大型-特大型矿床的关键条件。This is an article in the field of mining engineering.Li-Be-Nb-Ta are not only the importanthighly-demanded rare metals,but also key minerals in emerging strategic industries.They have bothcommonality and individuality in mineralization mechanism and R&D with new progress.This article aimsto comprehensively and accurately measure and evaluate the global resource and reserve data of Li-Be-Nb-Ta,and timely reflect new developments in exploration and development and technological progress.Themulti-cycle metallogenic theory of granite pegmatite has made important breakthrough in exploration,thetechnical output of lithium deposits in South American salt lakes is approaching,the potential for lithiumextraction and storage increase in clay rocks and geothermal brines is increasing,the alkaline-peralkalinevolcanic intrusive pegmatite type Nb-Ta mineralization has been highlighted in the Americas and theQinghai-Xizang region,and the exploration of Li-Be deposits in China's Mainland has made importantbreakthroughs.The construction of the resource base for Nb-Ta-REE in northwest Hubei can learn from theprogress and experience of enterprise level exploration and testing such as Avalon Rare Metals Company inNorth America.Based on the analysis of 1396 lithium beryllium niobium tantalum deposits and typical casesin the world,this article proposes that multi stage thermal events and multi cycle magmatic differentiationand melting may be the key conditions for large to super large deposits.

关 键 词：矿业工程 锂铍铌钽 成矿理论 勘探开发 全球热事件 巨型矿床 

分 类 号：TD15[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]