技术性压力视角下智慧图书馆人工智能风险防控体系研究  

Risk Prevention&Control System of Artificial Intelligence in Smart Libraries:Perspective of Technostress

作　　者：王旭[1,2] 程光辉 赵鸿玉 保林浩 Wang Xu;Cheng Guanghui;Zhao Hongyu;Bao Linhao

机构地区：[1]燕山大学经济管理学院 [2]武汉大学中国科学评价研究中心 [3]中国民航大学图书馆

出　　处：《图书馆学研究》2024年第7期56-69,共14页Research on Library Science

基　　金：天津市教委科研计划项目“行业特色高校图书馆面向‘双一流’建设的学科情报服务研究”(项目编号:2021SK028)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：人工智能在智慧图书馆的应用有效提升了服务效果,成为智慧图书馆建设的重要技术驱动力。但技术是一把双刃剑,AI应用带来的风险同样不容忽视,科学识别这些风险并建立相应的风险防控体系才可以保障智慧图书馆AI的良性利用。文章依据技术性压力理论,从人机交互层面剖析智慧图书馆中AI应用所带来的风险,并据此提出风险防控体系与对策。AI风险可以从技术与社会两个层面展开:表征技术层面的AI自身风险包括AI失控、情感断裂、AI误判、算法偏见和权责归属混乱;表征社会层面的AI衍生风险包括安全威胁、公平性挑战、版权担忧、法制缺失和职业不适应。据此构建包含风险识别、风险预警、风险治理、风险评价和风险控制效果5个层面的智慧图书馆AI风险防控体系,并从技术和管理两个方面提出了风险防控对策。The application of Artificial intelligence(Al)in the smart library has effectively improved the service effect and become an important technological driving force of it,but technology is a double-edged sword,and the risks brought by the application of AI cannot be ignored.Scientifically identifying these risks and establishing corresponding risk prevention and control systems can ensure the healthy utilization of AI in smart libraries.Based on the theory of technostress,this study explains the risks brought by AI application in smart library from the level of human-computer interaction,and puts forward the prevention and control system and countermeasures.Al risks can be presented on both technical and social levels.The risks of AI itself at the level of technology development include runaway of AI,emotional disconnection,misjudgment of AI,algorithmic bias and confusion of responsibility;AI derivate risks at the societal level include threats to security,fairness challenges,legal system deficiencies,copyright concerns,and professional maladaptation.The AI risk prevention and control system for smart libraries has been constructed containing five levels:risk identification,risk early warning,risk governance,risk evaluation and risk control effect.Finally,the risk prevention and control countermeasures are put forward from two aspects of technology and management.

关 键 词：智慧图书馆 人工智能 技术性压力 风险类型 防控体系 防控对策 

分 类 号：G250.7[文化科学—图书馆学]