2010-2021年中国发热伴血小板减少综合征流行病学分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China,2010−2021

作　　者：岳玉娟[1] 任东升[1] 鲁亮[1] Yue Yujuan;Ren Dongsheng;Lu Liang(National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《疾病监测》2024年第7期824-830,共7页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划资助(No.2022B1111030002);国家科技重大专项(No.2017ZX10303404004)。

摘　　要：目的分析2010—2021年中国发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)发病、死亡以及在高发区的流行病学特征。方法采用集中度、圆形分布、空间制图等描述性流行病学方法分析SFTS的时间、空间和人群特征,采用χ^(2)检验分析高发区人群特征差异。结果2010—2021年我国27个省份报告18968例SFTS病例,年均发病率为0.11/10万;有11个省份报告死亡病例973例,病死率为5.13%。病例分布具有季节性,呈单峰分布,高峰期在5—8月。2010—2021年发病率上升、回落再上升,而病死率下降。山东、河南、安徽、湖北和辽宁省的病例数占92.97%,死亡数占89.21%,并由此向西南、东北、东部、西部方向扩散。男女性别比为0.89∶1,50岁以上人群发病率较高,农民占86.02%;死亡病例中男女性别比为1.12∶1。河南省病例数在2015年达峰值后明显回落。2018年以来,山东和安徽省病例数居前2位。辽宁省病例男女性别比为1.15∶1,其余4省均女性多于男性。结论2010—2021年中国SFTS发病率呈上升趋势,病死率呈下降趋势,病例分布由高发区向西南、东北、东部、西部呈逐步扩张趋势。建议在有病例发生的地区加强SFTS预防知识的宣传教育,对于患者尽量做到早发现、早治疗,防止疫情扩散。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)in China,especially in areas with high incidences,during 2010−2021.Methods Descriptive epidemiological indicators,such as concentration ratio,circular distribution,spatial distribution map,were used to analyze the temporal,spatial,and demographic characteristics of the SFTS cases.The differences in cases’demographic characteristics in areas with high incidences were analyzed withχ^(2) test.Results From 2010 to 2021,a total of 18968 cases of SFTS were reported in 27 provinces,with an average annual incidence rate of 0.11/100000,and a total of 973 SFTS deaths were reported in 11 provinces,with a case fatality rate of 5.13%.The annual incidence of SFTS showed seasonality with only one peak from May to August.The annual incidence rate increased,slightly decreased and then increased again during 2010−2021,and annual case fatality rate decreased from 2010 to 2021.The cases and deaths of SFTS in areas with high incidences,such as Shandong,Henan,Anhui,Hubei and Liaoning provinces,accounted for 92.97%and 89.21%,respectively,and the disease also expanded to southwestern,northeastern,eastern and western China.The male to female ratio of the cases was 0.89∶1.The annual incidence rate in people over 50 years old was higher,and the cases in farmers accounted for 86.02%.The male to female ratio of the SFTS deaths was 1.12∶1.The reported SFTS cases in Henan reached its peak in 2015 and then declined significantly.Since 2018,the reported cases in Shandong and Anhui have ranked the top two in China.The male to female ratio of the cases in Liaoning was 1.15∶1,while there were less cases being reported in men in other four provinces.Conclusion From 2010 to 2021,the incidence rate of SFTS in China showed an upward trend and the case fatality rate showed a downward trend.The disease expanded from the areas with high incidences to southwestern,northeastern,eastern,and western China.It is suggested to strengthen the

关 键 词：发热伴血小板减少综合征 流行病学 高发区 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R373