不饱和脂肪酸复配药剂在胶磷矿反浮选脱镁中的应用  

Application of unsaturated fatty acid compound reagent in thereverse flotation of magnesium removal from phosphate ore

作　　者：杜令攀 张华[1] 杨稳权[1] 李炎君 刘殿文[2] 曹沁波[2] DU Lingpan;ZHANG Hua;YANG Wenquan;LI Yanjun;LIU Dianwen;CAO Qinbo(Yunnan Phosphate Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650600,China;Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]云南磷化集团有限公司,昆明650600 [2]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《矿冶》2024年第4期534-540,共7页Mining And Metallurgy

摘　　要：以云南安宁磷矿为研究对象,针对该矿P_(2)O_(5)品位低(20.00%)、MgO含量高、矿石成分复杂、有用矿物为磷灰石、主要脉石矿物为白云石、石英等硅酸盐矿物的结构和性质特点。利用混合不饱和脂肪酸所含不饱和键数不同,溶解性高于单一不饱和脂肪酸且可提高白云石疏水性的性质特点,将油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸分别按50%+30%+20%进行复配制备复配混合脂肪酸药剂(简称ZP),并以此复配药剂为捕收剂对该磷矿进行反浮选。研究了捕收剂对白云石润湿性的影响和复配药剂ZP对捕收剂胶团粒度的影响。并在单因素条件试验研究的基础上开展了开路试验和闭路试验。结果表明,复配药剂ZP对白云石比单一油酸试剂的疏水性效果好,在ZP用量200 mg/L时可使白云石接触角达到74.62°;ZP捕收剂比油酸的溶解度高,可以提高浮选效率;采用一次粗选、三次精选、三次扫选流程进行反浮选,闭路试验可最终得到精矿P_(2)O_(5)产率59.23%、P_(2)O_(5)品位28.36%、MgO品位0.63%、P_(2)O_(5)回收率80.16%的精矿指标。Taking Anning Phosphate Mine in Yunnan Province as the research object,this study focuses on the low P_(2)O_(5) grade(20.00%),high MgO content,complex ore composition,useful minerals such as apatite,and main gangue minerals such as dolomite,quartz,and other silicate minerals.Taking advantage of the characteristic that different numbers of unsaturated bonds contained in mixed unsaturated fatty acids,which have higher solubility than single unsaturated fatty acids,can improve the hydrophobicity of dolomite,a compound mixed fatty acid reagent(ZP)was prepared by compounding oleic acid,linoleic acid,and linolenic acid at a ratio of 50%+30%+20%,and this reagent was used as collectors for reverse flotation of the phosphate ore.The influence of collectors on the wettability of dolomite and the effect of compound agent ZP on the particle size of collector micelles were studied.Based on single-factor experimental research,both open-circuit and closed-circuit tests were conducted.The results show that:the composite agent ZP had a better hydrophobicity effect on dolomite than that of single oleic acid reagent.When the dosage of ZP was 200 mg/L,the contact angle of dolomite could reach 74.62°.ZP collector has a higher solubility than oleic acid,which can improve flotation efficiency;By using a process of one coarse selection,three fine selections,and three sweep selections for reverse flotation,a closed-circuit test can ultimately obtain concentrate indicators with a P_(2)O_(5) yield of 59.23%,P_(2)O_(5) grade of 28.36%,MgO grade of 0.63%,and P_(2)O_(5) recovery rate of 80.16%.

关 键 词：低品位磷矿 碳酸盐型磷矿 反浮选 脱镁 不饱和脂肪酸 混合脂肪酸 油酸 捕收剂 疏水性 

分 类 号：TD97[矿业工程—选矿]