矿用喷涂堵漏风自修复材料性能研究及工程应用  

Research on performance and engineering application of spray air leakage plugging self-healing material for mining

作　　者：胡相明[1,2] 姜永茂 吴明跃 张茜[1] 杨振宇[1] HU Xiangming;JIANG Yongmao;WU Mingyue;ZHANG Qian;YANG Zhenyu(College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2024年第8期83-95,共13页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42077444,52304242,42307585)。

摘　　要：喷涂堵漏风是防止煤自燃的有效手段之一。针对传统水泥基喷涂堵漏风材料脆性大、易开裂、堵漏风效果差的弊端,提出以微生物及结晶矿物为自愈合剂,研制出生物胶囊和矿物胶囊以及一种生物–矿物–纤维协同自修复材料。研究了不同养护湿度和养护时间对材料裂缝自修复能力的影响。结果表明:当养护湿度为100%相对湿度、养护时间为35 d时,研制的生物胶囊和矿物胶囊可以将裂缝完全修复,裂缝最大修复宽度为1260μm。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱仪(EDS)探究了自修复材料裂缝区域修复产物的晶型及元素组成,发现裂缝处的修复产物为球碳镁石、花瓣状的水菱镁矿以及大量由细菌矿化产生的球形方解石,这些修复产物在一定程度上起到了密闭裂缝的作用;EDS能谱分析证实了修复产物为MgCO_(3)和CaCO_(3)。当养护湿度为100%时,材料具有最高的堵漏风率(97.15%),比同养护条件的对照组试样高出73.62%。最后将自修复材料用于沿空煤柱喷涂堵漏风,结果显示该材料在6个月内未发现明显裂隙,与传统水泥砂浆相比,该材料具有更长的使用寿命和更好的预防效果。Spray air leakage plugging is one of the effective means to prevent coal spontaneous combustion.Aiming at the drawbacks of high brittleness,easy cracking,and poor air leakage plugging effectiveness of traditional cement-based spraying air plugging material,biological capsule,mineral capsule and bio-mineral-fiber synergistic self-healing material were developed with microorganisms and crystalline minerals as self-healing agents.The influence of different curing humidity and curing time on the self-healing ability of material cracks was studied.The results showed that when the curing humidity was 100%,and the curing time was 35 days,the biological and mineral capsules could completely heal the cracks,with a maximum healing width of 1260μm.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)were used to investigate the crystal structure and elemental composition of the healing products in the crack area of self-healing material.It was found that the healing products at the crack were spherical magnesite,petal-shaped hydromagnesite,and a large amount of spherical calcite produced by bacterial mineralization,which to some extent played a role in sealing the crack.EDS analysis confirmed that the healing products were MgCO_(3) and CaCO_(3).When the curing humidity was 100%,the material had the highest air leakage plugging rate(97.15%),which was 73.62%higher than the control group samples under the same curing conditions.Finally,self-healing material was used for spraying and plugging air leakage along the coal pillar,and the results showed that no obvious cracks were found within 6 months.Compared with traditional cement mortar,self-healing material has a longer service life and better prevention effect.

关 键 词：喷涂堵漏风材料 煤自燃 裂缝修复 愈合剂 微生物 结晶矿物 

分 类 号：TD752[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]