岩溶库区不同植被类型土壤碳、氮及其组分特征-以贵阳市花溪水库为例  

Characteristics of soil carbon,nitrogen and their components under different vegetation types in the karst reservoir area:A case study of Huaxi reservoir in Guiyang

作　　者：周玮 姜霞 姚世菊 张艳 ZHOU Wei;JIANG Xia;YAO Shiju;ZHANG Yan(College of Eco-Environmental Engineering,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang,Guizhou 510004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳510004

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第3期640-649,共10页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省教育厅成长人才项目(黔教合KY字[2018]136);贵州省科技厅基础研究项目[黔科合基础[2018]1072]。

摘　　要：在贵阳市花溪水库附近选择3种植被类型(草地、灌丛、竹林)作为研究对象,探究3种植被类型下不同土层中土壤碳、氮含量及其不同活性组分的特征。结果表明:植被对碳、氮及其组分(除铵态氮外)影响显著,随植被类型变化(草地→灌丛→竹林)有机碳及其各活性组分含量逐渐增加,A层>B层;竹林中有机碳含量为36.16 g·kg^(-1)、29.68 g·kg^(-1),明显高于草地中的20.48 g·kg^(-1)、18.24 g·kg^(-1);草地中微生物碳含量仅占竹林的54%及49%,水溶性碳在有机碳中的比例最小(0.04%~0.11%),其次是微生物量碳;微生物量氮所占比例最少,仅占全氮中的0.02%~0.20%,随植被变化(草地→灌丛→竹林)微生物量氮含量逐渐增加,硝态氮含量逐渐降低,铵态氮的含量远高于硝态氮的含量,微生物量氮与碱解氮的含量随土层加深含量降低,全氮含量增加。土壤的C/N在8.49~21.52之间,在A层中表现为草地<灌丛<竹林,A层>B层。因此,植被类型对岩溶地区的土壤质量及附近水域均会产生影响,在岩溶水源涵养区,竹林及灌丛更有利于保持水土及附近水域的水质,草地不适合作为岩溶地区生态修复的植被类型。The study area is located in the water conservation area of Huaxi reservoir in Guiyang City,Guizhou Province.Soil in this area is developed from limestone with the soil thickness varying greatly from 0 cm to 103.5 cm.Rocks are exposed in some parts of the area.Because the study area has been closed off to prevent deterioration,the vegetation is well protected.The main vegetation types are grassland,shrubs and bamboo forest.In order to understand the relationship between soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents and their components in the karst reservoir area,we analyzed the decomposition characteristics of soil organic matter in the karst area.The result can provide theoretical support for ecological restoration and conservation of water supply in the karst area.In Huaxi reservoir,we chose three typical vegetation types-grassland,shrubbery and bamboo forest-as the research objects.We selected 3-5 duplicates from every different vegetation plot,and studied the soil carbon and nitrogen contents and active components of these three vegetation types in two layers(Layer A and Layer B).The results showed that there were significant effects for different vegetation on carbon and nitrogen and their components(except for AN).With the change of vegetation types(grassland→shrubbery→bamboo forest),the content of organic carbon and its active components gradually increased(Layer A>Layer B).TOC contents in bamboo forest(36.16 g·kg^(-1)and 29.68 g·kg^(-1))were higher than those in grassland(20.48 g·kg^(-1)and 18.24 g·kg^(-1)).MBC contents in grassland was 54 percent and 49 percent of that in bamboo forest.The proportion of WSOC in total organic carbon was the smallest(0.04%-0.11%),among which the content of WSOC in bamboo forest accounted for a relatively high proportion(0.11%).The proportion of microbial biomass nitrogen was the second,which accounted for a relatively higher proportion in shrubbery(0.99%in layer A and 1.42%in layer B),but the lowest in bamboo forest(0.88%in Layer A and 0.89%in Layer B).The proportion of m

关 键 词：花溪水库 水源涵养区 土壤碳、氮 活性组分 微生物量氮 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]