基于COⅠ基因构建西北太平洋常见鱼类DNA条形码参考数据库  

Construction of DNA barcode reference database of common fish in Northwest Pacific Ocean based on COⅠ gene

作　　者：徐颖琪 梁绪虹 陈新军[1,2,3,4] 宋成辉 彭祖焜 王丛丛 XU Yingqi;LIANG Xuhong;CHEN Xinjun;SONG Chenghui;PENG Zukun;WANG Congcong(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Oceanic Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]农业农村部大洋渔业可持续利用重点实验室,上海201306 [5]临港新片区海洋生物医药科技创新型平台,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2024年第4期823-835,共13页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：农业农村部全球渔业资源调查监测评估(公海渔业资源综合科学调查)专项(D-8025-23-1002);上海市高校特聘教授“东方学者”岗位跟踪计(GZ2022011)。

摘　　要：西北太平洋以其独特的地理位置和复杂的海洋环境,孕育了极为丰富的渔业资源,成为全球海洋生物多样性保护和渔业资源管理的热点区域。为了更有效地进行鱼类种类识别和多样性的调查,本研究建立了西北太平洋常见鱼类DNA条形码本地数据库。基于线粒体COⅠ基因,对2023年6—8月在西北太平洋海域所采集的307份样品进行扩增和测序,共获得7目13科20属25种鱼类的COⅠ基因序列。77.96%的COⅠ序列在公共数据库中都能比对到高相似度序列。种间平均遗传距离为0.233,种内平均遗传距离为0.003,种间遗传距离是种内遗传距离的77.67倍,且能够形成明显的条形码间隙,不存在物种区分困难的现象。基于COⅠ基因序列构建的系统发育树显示,同一属的鱼类首先聚为一支,随后与同一科的鱼类聚为一支,最后,同目不同科的鱼类聚为一支。综上所述,COⅠ基因具有物种特异性,能够有效地区分西北太平洋常见鱼类物种,本数据库的初步建立,有利于后期利用环境DNA技术进行西北太平洋鱼类多样性的监测和调查,为西北太平洋海域生物多样性保护、资源管理和种群动态监测提供了技术支持。With the unique geography and complex environment,the Northwest Pacific Ocean has nurtured extremely rich fishery resources,becoming a hotspot for global marine biodiversity conservation and fishery management.In order to more effectively identify and investigate the diversity of fish species,a local DNA barcodes database of common fish in Northwest Pacific Ocean was established.Based on the CO Ⅰ gene sequences of fish,307 samples of common fish were collected in Northwest Pacific Ocean from June to August 2023.These common fish belonged to 20 genera,13 families,7 orders,and 25 fish species.77.96% of COⅠ sequences can be compared to high similarity sequences in public database.The average interspecific genetic distance was 0.233,and the average intraspecific genetic distance was 0.003,and the interspecific genetic distance was 77.67 times that of the intraspecific genetic distance,and it could form obvious bar code gap.The phylogenetic tree based on COⅠ gene sequences showed that fishes of the same genus first clustered into a single branch,then with fishes of the same family,and finally with fish of different families of the same order.In summary,the COⅠ gene has species specificity and can effectively distinguish common fish species in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.The initial establishment of the DNA barcode database of common fish is conducive to the monitoring and investigation of fish diversity in Northwest Pacific Ocean using environmental DNA technology,providing technical support for biodiversity conservation,resource management,and population dynamic monitoring in Northwest Pacific Ocean.

关 键 词：鱼类 COⅠ基因 DNA条形码数据库 西北太平洋 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]