基于权重系数调控的阵列天线阵元方向布局优化  

Orientation Arrangement Optimization Method for Antenna-Arrays Based on Weight Coefficient Regulation

作　　者：牟健慧 王建 汤易[1] 卢玉娇 侯佩佩 MU Jianhui;WANG Jian;TANG Yi;LU Yujiao;HOU Peipei(School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学机电汽车工程学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《压电与声光》2024年第4期570-575,581,共7页Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(5217051006);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2021ME223);烟台市科技规划资助项目(2022GCCRC158)。

摘　　要：研究建立了一种基于权重系数调控的阵列天线阵元方向布局优化方法。该方法以阵列天线最大增益和最大旁瓣之差的加权和为适应度函数,通过合理选取主辐射方向增益与最大旁瓣之差和最大增益的权重系数,实现了阵列天线高增益、低旁瓣的设计需求,讨论了不同权重系数下的优化结果,并总结了权重系数调控阵列天线辐射性能的规律。采用基于矩量法的全波分析方法进行分析,充分考虑了阵列天线各阵元耦合场的影响。基于遗传算法求解了该文提出的优化问题,并实现了线性和平面偶极子阵列天线各阵元方向布局的优化设计。结果表明,当线性和平面阵列天线方向布局优化设计的权重系数分别取0.45和0.9时,所建立的优化方法不仅降低了旁瓣电平和交叉极化增益,并且能够保证主辐射方向增益下降不大,从而验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。In this study,an optimization method for the orientation arrangement of antenna-array elements to achieve high gain and low sidelobe levels(SLL) based on weight coefficient regulation,is proposed.In the method,the fitness function is defined as the weighted sum of the maximum gain and the difference between the maximum gain and SLL.By introducing an appropriate weight coefficient,the design requirements of the antenna-arrays for high gain and low SLL are realized.The optimization results under different weight coefficients are discussed,and the radiation patterns are synthesized and summarized based on these coefficients.The full-wave method of moments(MoM) is adopted to adequately consider the coupling field of each array element.The optimization problem is solved via a genetic algorithm(GA),and two typical examples,including linear and planar dipole antennas,are presented.The results show that when weight coefficients of 0.45 and 0.9 are used,the established optimization method significantly reduces SLL and cross-polarization gain,while ensuring that the main beam gain in the desired direction is maintained.Thus,the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：阵列天线 阵元方向布局 线性阵列 平面阵列 权系数 矩量法 

分 类 号：TN820[电子电信—信息与通信工程]