球形传声器阵列识别定位汽车内部异响声源  

Identification and localization of vehicle interior abnormal noise source using spherical microphone array

作　　者：李敏宗 汪思梦 卢奂采[2] 宋玉来 金江明[2] 周达仁 LI Minzong;WANG Simeng;LU Huancai;SONG Yulai;JIN Jiangming;ZHOU Daren(College of Engineering,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201316,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,Zhejiang,China;College of Information Science and Engineering,Jiaxing University,Jiaxing 314001,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306 [2]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310014 [3]嘉兴学院信息科学与工程学院,浙江嘉兴314001

出　　处：《声学技术》2024年第4期536-541,共6页Technical Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975525);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ18E050012);上海高校青年教师培养资助计划(ZZZZHY20010)。

摘　　要：针对新款汽车在路面行驶时车内出现的异响问题,使用球形传声器阵列对汽车在不同车况下水泥路面行驶时汽车内部声场进行了测量。以球形传声器阵列测量的声压数据作为输入,运用球谐波束形成法,重构得出汽车内部声场分布,并对以阵列中心为球心的球面声场进行了可视化处理,从而实现了对异响声源的识别与定位。由声压频谱分析得出了汽车内部在750、1000和1500 Hz频率附近存在异响;通过对应的内部声场三维可视化结果,确定了异响声源的位置;在轮胎后部的车身加装橡胶挡板或海绵挡板隔离噪声后,异响得到了有效的降低。研究方法和结果有助于有针对性地控制与降低汽车行驶时车内异响以及改善车内声学环境。In view of the problem of abnormal noise inside the new car when driving on the road,the spherical microphone array is used to measure the interior sound field of the car driving on the surface of a cement road under different vehicle conditions.The sound pressures measured by the spherical microphone array is used as the input,and the spherical harmonic beamforming method is used to reconstruct and visualize sound pressure distributions with the center of the array as the origin of coordinates,to identify and localize the noise sources.By acoustic frequency analysis and the visualized three-dimensional interior sound field,the main noise sources at 750,1000 and 1500 Hz are identified and localized.The abnormal noises are effectively reduced by installing the rubber or sponge baffles on the body near the rear of a tire.The research method and the results proposed in this paper are helpful for reducing interior noises and improving quality of the acoustic environment inside vehicle.

关 键 词：球形传声器阵列 声源识别定位 球谐波束形成 车内异响 

分 类 号：U467.493[机械工程—车辆工程]