FACE条件下臭氧浓度升高对不同筋型小麦籽粒品质的影响  

Effects of elevated ozone on the grain quality of wheat with different gluten types based on FACE facility

作　　者：曹蓉[1] 徐彦森 冯兆忠 尚博[1] 马艳泽 CAO Rong;XU Yansen;FENG Zhaozhong;SHANG Bo;MA Yanze(School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink,China Meteorological Administration(ECSS-CMA),Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院,中国气象局生态系统碳源汇重点开放实验室,江苏省农业与生态气象重点实验室,南京210044

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2024年第8期1687-1697,共11页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：江苏省碳达峰碳中和专项(BE2022312);国家自然科学基金重点项目(42130714)。

摘　　要：为深入研究不同筋型小麦籽粒品质对地表臭氧(O_(3))浓度升高的响应,本研究依托于开放式O_(3)浓度增加系统(O_(3)-FACE),于2021年和2022年分别以13个(4个强筋品种、5个中筋品种、4个弱筋品种)和12个(4个强筋品种、6个中筋品种、2个弱筋品种)小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)品种为供试材料,设置环境O_(3)浓度(AA)和1.5倍环境O_(3)浓度(E-O_(3))处理,研究不同筋型小麦对O_(3)浓度升高的响应差异。结果表明:O_(3)浓度升高下2021年Ca元素含量显著升高24.8%,2022年直链淀粉含量显著降低8.1%。不同筋型小麦籽粒品质对O_(3)响应存在显著差异,强筋和中筋小麦2022年直链淀粉含量显著降低8.6%和7.6%,2021年Ca元素含量显著升高24.7%和27.2%,弱筋小麦2021年淀粉含量显著降低6.7%,两年蛋白质含量增幅较强筋和中筋小麦更大。根据不同筋型小麦籽粒品质标准,高浓度O_(3)将会有利于中筋和强筋小麦品质形成,而不利于弱筋小麦籽粒品质形成。高浓度O_(3)对所有供试小麦均有重要影响,其中宁麦13、扬麦33和扬麦22对O_(3)敏感。To investigate the response of wheat grain quality with different gluten types to elevated tropospheric ozone(O_(3)),13 wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)cultivars(4 strong-gluten varieties,5 medium-gluten varieties,4 weak-gluten varieties)in 2021 and 12 cultivars(4 strong-gluten varieties,6 medium-gluten varieties,2 weak-gluten varieties)in 2022 were grown in the Free-Air O_(3) Concentration Enrichment system(O_(3)-FACE).Two O_(3) treatments:ambient air(AA)and elevated O(31.5×ambient O_(3) concentration,E-O_(3))were used to study differences in the responses of wheat gluten types to elevated O_(3).The results showed that E-O_(3) significantly increased the Ca element content by 24.8%in 2021,and the amylose content significantly decreased by 8.1%in 2022.There were significant differences in the grain quality of different wheat gluten types in response to E-O_(3).Strong-and medium-gluten wheat showed a significant decrease of 8.6%and 7.6%in amylose content in 2022,while Ca element content increased significantly by 24.7%and 27.2%in 2021,respectively.Weakgluten wheat showed a significant decrease of 6.7%in starch content in 2021,with a larger increase in protein content over the past two years compared to medium-and strong-gluten wheat.According to the quality standards of wheat grains with different gluten types,E-O_(3) will be beneficial for the formation of grain quality in medium-and strong-gluten wheat,but is not conducive to the formation of grain quality in weak-gluten wheat.In summary,E-O_(3) has a significant impact on all tested wheat cultivars,in which Ningmai 13,Yangmai 33,and Yangmai 22 are sensitive to O_(3).

关 键 词：地表臭氧 小麦 筋型 蛋白质 淀粉 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]