适宜陇中盐碱地改良的藜科植物材料筛选与效果评价  

Screening and Evaluation of Chenopodiaceae Plant Suitable for Saline-Alkali Land Improvement in Central Gansu Province

作　　者：徐娜 鱼小军[1] 狄多玉 刘雯雯 侯青青 陈艳 段国琴 罗鑫萍 马凯凯 XU Na;YU Xiaojun;DI Duoyu;LIU Wenwen;HOU Qingqing;CHEN Yan;DUAN Guoqin;LUO Xinping;MA Kaikai(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Forage Germplasm Innovation and Variety Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education/The Sino-U.S Joint Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China;Lanzhou Landscaping and Greening Service Center,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/农业农村部饲草种质创新与新品种选育重点实验室/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心/甘肃省草业工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州市园林绿化服务中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第8期53-62,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：中央财政项目:草原生态修复治理项目。

摘　　要：在甘肃省兰州市七里河区种植4种13份乡土藜科植物材料并观测其田间农艺性状和土壤化学性质,筛选适宜陇中地区的减盐植物和土壤改良植物。结果表明,盐生草、猪毛菜、中亚滨藜、角果碱蓬4种乡土藜科植物中,材料203(猪毛菜)的生物量最大,材料109(角果碱蓬)的株高最高。与未种植藜科植物的土壤相比,多数藜科植物材料的种植能提高土壤浅层(0~10 cm)的有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮和全磷含量,提高了土壤(0~30 cm)的全钾含量,同时,降低了0~30 cm土层的pH值和0~20 cm土壤溶液的电导率。13份材料中,材料95(盐生草)对0~20 cm土层有明显的降盐作用。综合评价结果表明,材料303(角果碱蓬)得分最高,是陇中地区适宜的盐碱地改良植物。In order to screen suitable salt reducing plants and soil improvement plants in central Gansu,we planted 13 indigenous Chenopodiaceae plants of 4 species(including Halogeton glomeratus,S.collina,Atriplex centralasiatica and S.corniculate)in Qilihe District,Lanzhou City,Gansu Province,and observed their field agronomic traits and soil chemical properties.The results showed that the biomass of material 203(Salsola collina)was the highest,and the plant height of material 109(Suaeda corniculata)was the highest among the four indigenous Chenopodiaceae plants.Compared with soil without Chenopodiaceae plants,planting most species of Chenopodiaceae materials could increase the content of organic matter,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus in most of the shallow soil layers(0-10 cm),while also increasing the total potassium content in soil(0-30 cm).Meanwhile,it reduces the pH value of the 0-30 cm soil layer and the electrical conductivity of soil solution in the 0-20 cm soil layer.Among them,material 95(H.agglomerate)had obvious salt-reducing effect on the 0-20 cm soil layer.The results of comprehensive evaluation showed that material 303(S.cor⁃niculata)had the highest score and was a suitable plant for reducing salt and improving soil in central Gansu.

关 键 词：藜科植物 盐碱地改良 农艺性状 土壤化学性质 土壤溶液电导率 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]