基于小波分析的航空发动机起动过程失速检测系统设计  

Design of Stall Detection System for Aircraft Engine Starting Process Based on Wavelet Analysis

作　　者：曹桂林 申妙芳 CAO Guilin;SHEN Miaofang(College of Information Engineering,Guangzhou Vocational and Technical University of Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]广州科技职业技术大学信息工程学院,广州510080

出　　处：《计算机测量与控制》2024年第8期93-99,144,共8页Computer Measurement &Control

摘　　要：为提升航空发动机起动过程的成功率与安全性,设计基于小波分析的航空发动机起动过程失速检测系统;该系统集成了高精度的转速与流量传感器,能够实时捕捉起动过程中的动态数据,确保数据的准确性和完整性;在技术实现上,针对小波分析技术的运行要求,对信号处理器进行了内部结构调整,以提升数据处理效率;同时,改装了系统主控单元,优化了系统电路的连接方式,从逻辑和物理层面构建了高效的检测系统数据库;通过模拟航空发动机的起动过程,制定了严格的失速现象检测标准,并利用传感器设备采集了大量起动过程的工作数据;基于小波分析技术的强大能力,对这些数据进行了细致的变换与分解操作,成功提取了航空发动机起动过程中的关键工作特征,并通过特征匹配实现了失速现象的准确检测;系统测试结果表明,在理想与非理想场景下,优化设计后的系统转速检测误差分别降低了109.4 r/min和128.1 r/min,失速误检率也分别下降了10%和25%;这些显著的性能提升不仅验证了系统设计的有效性和可靠性,也展示了小波分析技术在航空发动机起动过程失速检测中的巨大潜力。To improve the success rate and safety of the starting process of aircraft engines,a stall detection system based on wavelet analysis is designed.The system integrates high-precision speed and flow sensors,which can capture real-time dynamic data during the starting process,ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the data.In terms of technical implementation,internal structural adjustments have been made to the signal processor to improve data processing efficiency in response to the operational requirements of wavelet analysis technology.At the same time,the main control unit of the system was modified,the connection method of the system circuit was optimized,and an efficient detection system database was constructed from both logical and physical perspectives.By simulating the starting process of aircraft engines,strict stall detection standards were established,and a large amount of working data during the starting process was collected using sensor equipment.Based on the powerful capabilities of wavelet analysis technology,detailed transformation and decomposition operations were carried out on these data,successfully extracting key working features during the starting process of aircraft engines,and achieving accurate detection of stall phenomena through feature matching.The system test results show that under ideal and non ideal scenarios,the optimized design reduces the system speed detection error by 109.4 r/min and 128.1 r/minrespectively,and the stall false detection rate by 10% and 25%respectively.These significant performance improvements not only validate the effectiveness and reliability of the system design,but also demonstrate the enormous potential of wavelet analysis technology in stall detection during aircraft engine start-up.

关 键 词：小波分析 航空发动机 启动过程 失速检测系统 

分 类 号：V233[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]