我国谷子登记品种遗传多样性分析及综合评价  

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluationof Registered Varieties of Foxtail Millet in China

作　　者：袁迪 智慧[2] 王海岗[3] 张慧[2] 姚琦 梁红凯 王君杰[3] 陈凌[3] 刁现民[2] 贾冠清 Yuan Di;Zhi Hui;Wang Haigang;Zhang Hui;Yao Qi;Liang Hongkai;Wang Junjie;Chen Ling;Diao Xianmin;Jia Guanqing(College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China;Institute of CropSciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Agricultural Gene Resources Research Center,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学院,山东青岛266109 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [3]山西农业大学农业基因资源研究中心,山西太原030031

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第4期14-23,共10页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32241042);作物基因资源与育种全国重点实验室、国家谷子高粱产业技术体系(CARS06-14.5-A04);中国农业科学院创新工程

摘　　要：谷子登记品种在农业生产中发挥着重要的支撑作用。开展相关的多样性评估,可以指导谷子品种的生产布局和育种优异互补亲本选择,进而提高新品种培育和田间生产效率。对2011-2022年间登记的200份谷子品种进行了一年两点的农艺性状调查和分析。结果表明,200份谷子登记品种变异系数范围为9.12%~21.96%,遗传多样性指数(H′)为1.9578~2.0866。区域性农艺性状分析结果表明,东北春谷区的品种变异系数高于西北春谷区和华北夏谷区,其中穗重、穗粒重具有最高的变异系数。相关性分析显示,穗重和穗粒重正相关性系数最高,穗颈长和茎粗负相关性系数最高。基于主成分分析和综合得分(F值)筛选出综合评价较好的前20个登记品种,200份登记品种中F值最高的品种为太选谷28,最低的是龙谷26。基于农艺性状进行聚类分析,200份谷子登记品种可分为4个类群,其中类群Ⅰ大部分农艺性状平均值偏高,类群Ⅳ中12个农艺性状均值较低。Registered varieties of foxtail millet are crucial for agricultural production as a supporting crop.Relevant diversity assessment could guide the production layout of millet varieties and the selection of excellent complementary parents for breeding,so as to improve the efficiency of new variety breeding and filed production.The agronomic characteristics of 200 foxtail millet cultivars registered between 2011 and 2022 were examined and assessed in two points a year.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of the foxtail millet registered varieties were 9.12%to 21.96%,and the range of genetic diversity index(H)were 1.9578-2.0866.The results of regional phenotypic analysis showed that the variation coefficient of northeast spring sowing area was higher than that in northwest spring sowing area and summer sowing area in North China,in which the panicle weight and grain weight per panicle had the highest coefficient of variation.Correlation analysis showed positive correlation coefficient between panicle weight and grain weight per panicle,and negative correlation coefficient between panicle neck length and stem diameter.The top 20 registered varieties with good comprehensive evaluation were selected based on principal component analysis and comprehensive score(F-value).Among the 200 registered varieties,Taixuangu 28 had the highest F-value,while Longgu 26 had the lowest score.Based on the cluster analysis of agronomic traits,the 200 registered foxtail millet varieties could be divided into four groups,among which the average value of most agronomic traits in group I was high,and the mean values of 12 agronomic traits in group IV were low.

关 键 词：谷子 登记品种:农艺性状 遗传多样性 综合评价 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]