西南地区玉米地方种质资源遗传多样性分析及综合评价  

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluationof Maize Landraces in Southwest China

作　　者：李清超 张登峰[2] 李春辉[2] 杨珊 刘建新 吴迅 Li Qingchao;Zhang Dengfeng;Li Chunhui;Yang Shan;Liu Jianxin;Wu Xun(Bijie Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Bijie 551700,Guizhou,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Drought Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]毕节市农业科学研究所,贵州毕节551700 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [3]贵州省农业科学院旱粮研究所,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第4期24-32,共9页Crops

基　　金：贵州省玉米现代农业产业技术体系(GZCYTX2023);贵州山地玉米高产抗病宜机收新品种选育(黔科合支撑[2022]重点029);玉米高产品种筛选及机械化生产关键技术集成与示范(毕科合重大专项[2023]5号);农作物和食用菌种质资源精准鉴定评价(表型和基因型精准鉴定)(黔科合支撑[2022]重点025);贵州省高层次创新型人才(毕科人才合字[2021]04号)。

摘　　要：为了研究我国西南地区玉米种质资源表型性状间相互关系,鉴定筛选优异种质资源,以785份西南地区玉米种质资源为研究材料,通过隶属函数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、灰色关联度分析、主成分分析及聚类分析等方法对13个表型性状进行综合鉴定和评价分析。结果表明,13个表型性状变异系数在10.5%~84.0%,遗传多样性指数在1.597~1.999;灰色关联度分析明确了各性状与产量的紧密程度,性状间存在广泛的相关性,遗传变异丰富。785份地方种质资源按照K-means聚类法划分为3个类群,类群Ⅰ包括168份种质资源,类群Ⅱ包括405份,类群Ⅲ包括212份,筛选到15份综合表现优异的地方种质资源。Totall 785 maize landraces from Southwest China were used to investigate the relationships betweenphenotypic traits of maize germplasm resources in Southwest China and to identify and screen elite germplasmresources.The 13 phenotypic traits were comprehensively evaluated by means of membership function,Shannon-Wienerʼs diversity index,grey correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the coefficients of variation of the 13 phenotypic traits ranged from 10.5%to 84.0%,andthe genetic diversity index ranged from 1.597 to 1.999.The grey correlation analysis revealed the relationshipsbetween the traits and yield,extensive correlations among the traits,and the abundant genetic variation inthelandraces were evaluated.The 785 landraces were divided into three groups according to the method of K-meanssystematic clustering,including 168,405 and 212 landraces,respectively.Finally,15 landraces with the best performance were screened out.

关 键 词：玉米 地方品种 表型性状 遗传多样性 综合评价 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]