施用生物炭与氮肥对盐碱胁迫下藜麦幼苗生理生长特性的影响  

Effects of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Physiological GrowthCharacteristics of Quinoa Seedlings under Saline Alkali Stress

作　　者：侯钰晨 庞春花[1,2] 张永清[1,3] 康书瑜 毋悦悦 闫晶蓉 王嘉祺 Hou Yuchen;Pang Chunhua;Zhang Yongqing;Kang Shuyu;Wu Yueyue;Yan Jingrong;Wang Jiaqi(College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi,China;Modern College of Humanities and Sciences of Shanxi Normal University,Linfen 041000,Shanxi,China;College of Geographical Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西太原030031 [2]山西师范大学现代文理学院,山西临汾041000 [3]山西师范大学地理科学学院,山西太原030031

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第4期240-246,共7页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC-31571604);山西师范大学现代文理学院基础研究项目(2019JCY15)。

摘　　要：为探讨施加生物炭和氮肥对盐碱胁迫下藜麦幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,采用盆栽试验,对陇藜1号幼苗的叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质等生理指标进行分析。设置4个生物炭用量[0(B0)、5(B1)、15(B2)、25 g/kg(B3)]和3个氮肥用量[0.09(N1)、0.15(N2)、0.21(N3)g/kg],进行随机区组试验,以不施生物炭和氮肥为对照(CK)。结果表明,不施加生物炭条件下,随着施氮量的增加,藜麦幼苗株高和主根长随之升高,而茎粗呈现先增后减的趋势。相同施氮量下,随着生物炭用量增多,藜麦幼苗叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性呈现先升后降的趋势;而丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖及脯氨酸含量则呈现先降后升的趋势。相同施炭量条件下,随施氮量增多,藜麦幼苗叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性表现为先升后降,MDA、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量表现为先降后升的趋势,且均在N2处理下最佳。综合隶属函数值分析表明,N2B2处理下最有利于缓解藜麦幼苗受到的盐碱胁迫。综上可知,施用生物炭和氮肥对盐碱胁迫下藜麦幼苗生长及生理特性有显著促进作用,生物炭用量15 g/kg、氮肥0.15 g/kg处理达到最佳效果。To explore the effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the physiological growth characteristics of quinoa seedlings under saline-alkali stress,a study conducted a pot experiment to analyze various physiological indices such as chlorophyll content,antioxidant enzyme activity,and osmotic regulation substances of Longli 1seedlings.A randomised block experiment was conducted with four levels of biochar[0 (B0),5(B1),15(B2),25(B3)g/kg]and three levels of nitrogen fertilizer[0.09(N1),0.15(N2),0.21(N3)g/kg],and without biochar andnitrogen fertilizer as a control(CK).The results showed that in the absence of biochar,as the nitrogen applicationrate increased,plant height and main root length of quinoa seedlings increased,whereas the stemdiameter initially increased and then decreased.Under the same nitrogen application rate,as the biochar applicationrateincreased,relative water content,chlorophyll content,and antioxidant enzyme activity of quinoa seedlingsinitially increased and then decreased;whereas malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble sugar content,and prolinecontent increased initially and then decreased.Under the same biochar application rate,with the increasingof nitrogen application rate,the relative water content,chlorophyll content,and antioxidant enzyme activityof quinoa seedlings initially increased and then decreased,while the MDA,soluble sugar,and proline contentsinitially decreased and then increased,and they were all best under N2 treatment.The results of subordinationfunction showed that N2B2 was the most effective treatment for mitigating saline-alkali stress of quinoaseedlings.In conclusion,applying biochar and nitrogen fertilizer significantly promoted the growthandphysiological characteristics of quinoa seedlings under saline-alkali stress,achieving the best effect with 15g/kgbiochar and 0.15 g/kg nitrogen fertilizer.

关 键 词：生物炭 氮肥 盐碱胁迫 藜麦 生理指标 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]