多因素影响下的驾驶舱拨动开关反应时研究  

Research on response time of cockpit toggle switch under influence of multiple factors

作　　者：靳慧斌[1] 杨瑜 常银霞 邹国良[4] JIN Huibin;YANG Yu;CHANG Yinxia;ZOU Guoliang(College of Transportation Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;College of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;College of Electric Information and Automation,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Civil Aviation Administration of China,Beijing 100710,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学交通科学与工程学院,天津300300 [2]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300 [3]中国民航大学电子信息与自动化学院,天津300300 [4]中国民用航空局,北京100710

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2024年第8期2413-2420,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：中航工业型号项目(H04120200002)。

摘　　要：针对飞行员操纵驾驶舱拨动开关的反应时问题,通过搭建飞行模拟实验舱,采集飞行员操纵驾驶舱拨动开关的反应时数据,应用多因素方差分析方法,研究在多因素影响下,影响飞行员反应时的因素。结果表明:驾驶舱拨动开关位于飞行员正前方左侧水平斜向下45°的面板,反应时最短;规定正确的操作开关方向为向前为正,相比方向为向后为正,飞行员的操纵反应时更短;高负荷因素下,飞行员反应时更长;有灯光引导条件下可以降低飞行员的反应时;面板位置、负荷处理、灯光引导3种因素主体之间的交互作用对飞行员操纵驾驶舱拨动开关的反应时的影响显著。通过实验研究与数据处理分析,结果客观真实,有助于提升飞行员的飞行安全水平,也为操纵器件设计问题提供了基础实验研究和建议。With the goal of observing how a pilot’s response changes when he or she manipulates the toggle switch in the cockpit,an experimental flight simulation cabin will be built,response time data will be gathered from the pilots when they manipulate the toggle switch,and the multi-factor variance analysis method will be used to examine the impact of various factors on the pilots’responses.The findings indicate that:the pilot’s response time is the shortest when the correct operation switch direction is forward as positive,as opposed to backward as positive.The cockpit toggle switch is situated on the left panel in front of the pilot,with a 45°downward horizontal slope.The pilot’s response time is influenced by the interaction of three main factors:panel position,load processing,and light guidance.The pilot’s response time is shorter when the control is applied,longer when there are high load factors,and reduced when there is light guidance.The objective and true results are beneficial in raising the pilot’s degree of flight safety through experimental research and data processing analysis.They also offer fundamental experimental research and recommendations for control device design.

关 键 词：人机工效学 驾驶舱 拨动开关 反应时 影响因素 

分 类 号：V328.1[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] V24