磷/硅协效阻燃非离子水性聚氨酯的制备与性能  

Preparation and performance of phosphorus/silicon synergistic flame retardant non-ionic waterborne polyurethane

作　　者：丁文鹏 王贵 裴克梅[1] DING Wenpeng;WANG Gui;PEI Kemei(School of Chemical Engineering,Zhejiang SCI-TECH University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学化学与化工学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第8期1-6,38,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2024C01186)。

摘　　要：采用双羟基硅油、聚醚二元醇与甲苯二异氰酸酯为主要原料制备聚氨酯预聚体,以自制含磷阻燃多元醇6-{(4-羟基苯基)[(4-羟基苯基)氨基]甲基}二苯并[c,e][1,2]氧膦杂环戊烯6-氧化物和三羟甲基丙烷为扩链剂,分子量为2000的聚乙二醇为亲水扩链剂,制备了具有磷/硅协同阻燃效应的非离子水性聚氨酯分散体。采用红外光谱表征了树脂的分子结构,研究了双羟基硅油的含量对分散体外观、稳定性、粒径以及胶膜力学性能、亲水性、耐水性、热稳定性和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:双羟基硅油的引入可导致聚氨酯分散体粒径增大;当双羟基硅油的含量占预聚多元醇组分的25%时,水性聚氨酯分散体不稳定;随着双羟基硅油的引入量增加,胶膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率逐渐下降,力学性能显著变差,吸水率先降低而后基本不变、接触角逐渐增加至基本不变;双羟基硅油的引入可有效提高聚氨酯胶膜的热稳定性和阻燃性;当双羟基硅油的含量占预聚多元醇组分的15%时,胶膜的极限氧指数值为28.2%、600℃残炭率达到7.46%。Polyurethane prepolymers were prepared by using dihydroxysilicone oil,polyether diols,and toluene diisocyanate as the main raw materials.A phosphorus containing flame-retardant polyol monomer 6-{(4-hydroxyphenyl)[(4-hydroxyphenyl)amino]methyl}dibenzo[c,e][1,2]phosphine oxide and trimethylolpropane as chain extenders,and polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 2000 was used as a hydrophilic chain extender to prepare a nonionic waterborne polyurethane dispersion with phosphorus/silicon synergistic flame retardant effect.The molecular structure of the resin was characterized by infrared spectroscopy,and the effects of the introduction of dihydroxysilicone oil on the appearance,stability,particle size of the dispersion,as well as the mechanical properties,hydrophilicity,water resistance,thermal stability,and flame retardancy of the adhesive film were studied.The results indicate that the introduction of dihydroxysilicone oil can lead to an increase in the particle size of polyurethane dispersion.When the introduction of dihydroxysilicone oil accounts for 25%of the prepolymerized polyol component,the waterborne polyurethane dispersion is unstable.As the introduction of dihydroxysilicone oil increases,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the adhesive film gradually decrease,and the mechanical properties significantly deteriorate.The hydrophilicity first decreases and then is basically unchanged and the contact angle gradually increases to be basically unchanged.The introduction of dihydroxysilicone oil can effectively improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy of polyurethane film.When the introduction of dihydroxysilicone oil accounts for 15%of the prepolymerized polyol component,the limit oxygen index of the adhesive film is as high as 28.2%,and the carbon residue rate at 600℃reaches 7.46%.

关 键 词：协效阻燃 非离子水性聚氨酯 磷系阻燃 硅系阻燃 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ314.2[化学工程—高聚物工业]