微生物活化钾长石对玉米抗弱光低温逆境的研究初报  

Preliminary Study on Microbial Activated Potassium Feldspar for Maize′s Resistance to Weak Light and Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：沈彦汐 吴瑶瑶 廖宗文[1] 乔凯 陈先玉 蔡燕飞[1] SHEN Yanxi;WU Yaoyao;LIAO Zongwen;QIAO Kai;CHEN Xianyu;CAI Yanfei(South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640,China;Suining Agriculture and Rural Water Conservancy Bureau,Suining,Hunan 422600,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,广东广州510640 [2]绥宁县农业农村水利局,湖南绥宁422600

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2024年第4期49-54,共6页Fertilizer & Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977035);广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B020218009)。

摘　　要：解钾菌活化钾长石的肥效不仅与微生物的活化效果有关,还与微生物的抗光温逆境功能有关。在3个恒温光照培养箱分别设置了弱光、全光和弱光低温条件下的玉米苗栽培试验,比较化肥(氯化钾)、微生物活化钾长石和化学活化钾长石在不同光温条件下的肥效。结果表明:微生物活化钾长石在全光和弱光条件下的肥效均优于化肥的,揭示了微生物不仅能活化矿质营养,还具有抗光温逆境的功能;在弱光条件下,微生物活化钾长石处理的玉米鲜质量和干质量较优,表明微生物分泌物提供的有机碳营养可补充弱光下光合产物的亏缺,其优势得以凸显;在全光条件下,化学活化钾长石处理的玉米鲜质量和干质量较高,表明全光条件下的光合产物较弱光条件下的有大幅增加,使碳亏缺大为缓解,其肥效得以更好地发挥;就抗光温逆境而言,化肥处理仍然不具有微生物活化的优势。The fertilizer efficiency of potassium feldspar activated by potassium bacteria is not only related to the activation effect of microorganisms,but also to their ability to resist light and temperature stress.Maize seedling cultivation experiments are conducted under weak light,full light,and weak light with low temperature conditions in three constant temperature light incubators to compare the fertilizer efficiency of chemical fertilizer(potassium chloride),microbial activated potassium feldspar,and chemically activated potassium feldspar under different light and temperature conditions.The results show that microbial activated potassium feldspar have better fertilizer efficiency than chemical fertilizer under both full and weak light conditions,revealing that microorganisms not only activate mineral nutrients,but also have the function of resisting light and temperature stress.Under weak light conditions,the fresh and dry weight of maize treated with microbial activated potassium feldspar are superior,indicating that the organic carbon nutrients provided by microbial secretions can supplement the deficiency of photosynthetic products under weak light conditions,highlighting its advantages.Under full light conditions,the fresh and dry weight of maize treated with chemically activated potassium feldspar are higher,indicating that the photosynthetic products under full light conditions are significantly increased compared those under weak light conditions,greatly alleviating carbon deficiency and enabling better fertilizer efficiency.In terms of resistance to light and temperature stress,chemical fertilizer treatment still does not have the advantage of microbial activation.In depth research on the stress resistance of microorganisms to light and temperature stress will provide new technological support for crop high-yield fertilization and resistance to weak light and low temperature climate disasters,which has important academic significance and practical value.

关 键 词：玉米 钾长石 弱光 低温 微生物 抗逆 

分 类 号：S144.9[农业科学—肥料学]