高校创新创业教育生态:系统结构、困境与优化  

Ecology of College Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education:System Structure,Dilemma and Optimization

作　　者：黄丽静 杨玉 HUANG Li-jing;YANG Yu(Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;Liaoning Institute of Education,Shenyang 110031,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学,广西桂林541004 [2]辽宁教育学院,辽宁沈阳110031

出　　处：《黑龙江高教研究》2024年第8期147-153,共7页Heilongjiang Researches on Higher Education

基　　金：2023年辽宁省教育厅高等学校基本科研项目“教育强省背景下高层次创新人才培育问题与路径研究”(编号:YTMS20231846)。

摘　　要：加强高校创新创业教育是新技术和新产业发展的必然要求。高校创新创业教育是一个复杂的教育生态系统,由以课堂教学活动为核心的微观生态系统、以高校内部治理为核心的中观生态系统、以外部主体及其关系为核心的宏观生态系统等三个层级子系统构成。我国创新创业教育生态仍存在诸多限制因子:微观系统的教学系统关键要素缺陷凸显,制约教学活动人才培养效能;中观系统的内部治理行政主导色彩凸显,教育评价体系取向功利化;宏观系统的顶层政策协同效果不佳,产学研协同共构机制不健全。基于此,高校创新创业教育生态的优化应着眼于生态因子的有效调控:微观层面应激发学生内生动力,打造高质量教学要素;中观层面应搭建平台型组织,重构教育评价体系;宏观层面应强化政府基础生态位,健全产学研协同育人机制。College innovation and entrepreneurship education is an inevitable requirement for the development of new technologies and industries.College innovation and entrepreneurship education is a complex educational ecosystem.This body consists of three hier-archical subsystems:the micro-ecosystem centered on classroom teaching activities,the meso-ecosystem centered on internal gov-ernance of College,and the macro-system centered on external subjects and their relationships.The ecology of College Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in China still has many limiting factors.The specific manifestations are as follows:in the micro-system,the teaching system key elements of the defects highlighted,which restricts the effectiveness of teaching activities to cultivate talents;in the meso-system,internal governance administrative dominance is highlighted,and the educational evaluation system is oriented to-wards utilitarianism;in the macro-system,top-level policy synergy is ineffective,and the mechanism of industry-university-re-search synergy and co-construction is not sound.Based on this,the optimization of college innovation and entrepreneurship education should focus on the effective regulation of ecological factors.At the micro level,it is need to stimulate students'endogenous motivation and create a high-quality curriculum system and teachers;at the meso level,it is necessary to build a platform organization and re-construct the evaluation system;at the macro level,it has to strengthen the basic ecological position of the government and improve the mechanism of Industry-university-research collaborative,academia and research institutes.

关 键 词：创新创业教育 教育生态系统 生态优化 

分 类 号：G647.38[文化科学—高等教育学]