2020—2022年翔安区婚检情况及干预策略分析  

Analysis of Premarital Examination and Intervention Strategies in Xiang'an District from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：苏建荫 SU Jianyin(Department of Maternal and Child Health Care,Xiamen Xiang'an District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门市翔安区妇幼保健院孕产保健部,厦门361000

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2024年第24期134-136,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨2020—2022年翔安区婚前医学检查(简称婚检)情况及影响因素,以便制定干预策略,为有效促进婚检工作提供依据。方法回顾性分析2020—2022年翔安区8695份婚检结果,统计婚检情况和疾病检出情况,以及婚检人群特征。结果2020—2022年翔安区婚检率分别为70.99%、77.45%、79.77%。男性检出疾病率为5.45%、5.78%、7.32%,女性分别为11.67%、13.13%、12.72%,女性疾病检出率均高于男性(χ^(2)=44.067、55.540、26.035,均P<0.001);检出疾病中,男/女生均以生殖系统疾病为主,占比达79.41%、61.42%,其余依次为内科系统疾病、指定传染病、精神病,未检出严重遗传病。男生检出疾病以包皮过长、精索静脉曲张、乙型肝炎、梅毒、包茎为主;女生以生殖道炎症、贫血、梅毒、甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减退为主。婚检人群以女性、大专及以上和公职为主,分别占婚检总人数54.53%、59.67%、28.00%。结论2020—2022年翔安区参加婚检比例较低,应坚持政府主导、多部门协作,针对性加强宣传教育,重点关注男性、低学历及非公职等人群婚检宣传教育工作,从而切实提高婚检率,降低出生缺陷发生率。Objective To explore the situation and influencing factors of pre-marital medical examination(premarital medical examination)in Xiang'an district from 2020 to 2022,formulate intervention strategies,and provide scientific basis for effectively promoting premarital medical examination.Methods The results of 8695 pre-marital examinations in Xiang'an district from 2020 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,and the pre-marital examinations,disease detection and population characteristics were statistically analyzed.Results From 2020 to 2022,the premarital examination rates in Xiang'an district were 70.99%,77.45%and 79.77%,respectively.The disease detection rates in males were 5.45%,5.78%and 7.32%,and 11.67%,13.13%and 12.72%in females were higher than those in males(χ^(2)=44.067,55.540 and 26.035,P<0.001).Among the detected diseases,79.41%of male and 61.42%of female were mainly reproductive system diseases,the rest were internal system diseases,designated infectious diseases,mental diseases,and no serious genetic diseases were detected.The main diseases detected in male were excessively long foreskin,varicocele,hepatitis B,syphilis and phimosis.Female students mainly suffer from genital tract inflammation,anemia,syphilis,hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.The majority of pre-marital check-ups were women,college and above and public officials,accounting for 54.53%,59.67%and 28.00%of the total number of pre-marital check-ups,respectively.Conclusions The proportion of pre-marital examination in Xiang'an district is relatively low from 2020 to 2022,so it is necessary to adhere to the government-led,multi-department cooperation,targeted strengthening of publicity and education,focusing on males,low education and non-public groups,so as to effectively improve the rate of premarital examination and reduce the incidence of birth defects.

关 键 词：婚前医学检查 疾病检出率 优生优育 高危因素 干预策略 

分 类 号：R715.2[医药卫生—妇产科学] R169.1[医药卫生—临床医学]