大倾角煤层伪俯斜采场围岩运移与支架相互作用规律研究  

Study on the interaction between strata movement and support in pitching oblique mining area of steeply dipping seam

作　　者：解盘石[1,2] 黄宝发 伍永平[1,2] 杨航 林伟典 田双奇 王智 万鑫 柏仁宣 XIE Panshi;HUANG Baofa;WU Yongping;YANG Hang;LIN Weidian;TIAN Shuangqi;WANG Zhi;WAN Xin;BAI Renxuan(Energy School,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an,Shanxi 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western Mines and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Balasu Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yulin,Shaanxi 719052,China;Taiping Coal Mine,Sichuan Chuanmei Huarong Energy Co.,Ltd.,Panzhihua,Sichuan 617014,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学教育部西部矿井开采及灾害防治重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]陕西延长石油巴拉素煤业有限公司,陕西榆林719052 [4]四川川煤华荣能源有限责任公司太平煤矿,四川攀枝花617014

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2024年第4期664-679,共16页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52174126,52104147);陕西省杰出青年科学基金项目(2023-JC-JQ-42)。

摘　　要：为研究大倾角煤层伪俯斜采场围岩运移与支架相互作用规律,采用物理相似模拟试验、数值模拟和现场监测等方法,探究伪俯斜采场围岩三维运移、充填特征,分析了非均衡充填作用下顶板岩层间的应力传递与转化规律,揭示了“支架-围岩”系统的相互作用关系.结果表明:大倾角伪俯斜采场围岩的破坏与运移不同于真斜采场,受悬空直接顶的区域稳定性转化与滑移矸石的分布特征相互影响,采空区充填矸石的压实度降低,有效充填范围增大,中上部顶板的破坏程度降低.基本顶的破断顺序由初次破断的倾斜“上部—下部—中部”演变为周期破断的倾斜“中部—上部—下部”,破断裂隙呈伪斜“O-X”型,中、上部裂隙范围先小后大,下部裂隙范围先大后小,走向垮落步距增大.顶板应力传递路径在不同的岩体与层面间传播,应力拱脚转移至下部矸石上方顶板,工作面中部支承压力最大、上部最小.采场直接顶发生层状拉破坏,基本顶沿垂向发生柱状剪破坏,中部破坏程度最大、上部次之、下部最小.顶板塑性区由直接顶向基本顶发育,由上部向中部沿顺时针扩展.伪俯斜采场“支架-围岩”作用关系受多系统相互影响,“矸石-支架-支架”系统的动态相互作用是采场支架失稳的主要原因.结合生产实际,针对工作面支架非均衡受载失稳、失效及悬空顶板致使的动力灾害问题,对支架的支护阻力、架间稳定性、矸石的充填特征和支架的结构进行了人为调控,取得了良好的效果.To study the movement and support interaction law of surrounding rock in steeply dipping seam pitching oblique mining area,a combination of physical simulation experiment,numerical calculation,and on-site monitoring was used to study the three-dimensional move-ment and filling characteristics of surrounding rock in pitching oblique mining area.The stress transfer and transformation law between roof rock layers under non-uniform filling was ana-lyzed in depth,revealing the interaction relationship between the"support surrounding rock"system.The research results indicate that the failure and movement of surrounding rock in pitching oblique stopes are different from those in true inclined stopes.Due to the mutual influ-ence of the regional stability transformation of the suspended immediate roof and the distribu-tion characteristics of sliding gangue,the compaction degree of filling gangue in goaf decreases,the effective filling range increases,and the damage degree of the middle and upper roof decreases.The fracture sequence of the main roof has evolved from the initial inclined"up-per—lower—middle"to the periodic inclined"middle—upper—lower".The fractures are in a pseudo inclined"O-X"shape,the middle and upper fracture range is first small and then large,the lower fracture range is first large and then small,and the strike caving step is in-creased.The roof stress transfer path propagates between different rock masses and layers,and the stress arch foot transfers to the roof above the lower gangue.The middle abutment pressure is the largest,and the upper area is the smallest.The immediate roof of the mining area undergoes layered tensile failure,and the main roof undergoes columnar shear failure along the vertical direction.The degree of damage in the middle is greater than that in the up-per part and lower part.The plastic zone of the roof develops from the immediate roof to the main roof and extends clockwise from the upper to the middle.The interaction relationship be-tween the"support surrounding rock"

关 键 词：大倾角煤层 伪俯斜采场 围岩运移 区域稳定性转化 应力传递 “支架-围岩”系统稳定性 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]