废旧锂电池预处理安全放电方法研究  

Study on the Safe Discharge Method of Waste Lithium Battery Pretreatment

作　　者：王乔 李海英 汪小琪 王晓东 李国良 Wang Qiao;Li Haiying;Wang Xiaoqi;Wang Xiaodong;Li Guoliang(College of Metallurgy and Energy,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,063210)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,唐山063210

出　　处：《化学通报》2024年第8期979-987,共9页Chemistry

基　　金：唐山市可再生能源重点实验室项目(20130221A)资助。

摘　　要：残余电量释放是废旧锂离子电池回收过程中防止热失控发生的重要预处理步骤,化学放电是目前研究最多的锂离子电池残余电量释放方法。然而电池在化学放电反应过程中腐蚀及污染物释放问题一直被忽视。本文对废旧锂电池在不同溶液中的放电反应情况进行了详细研究。通过测试14种不同溶液放电反应情况,发现大部分溶液具有良好放电效果,不同类型的盐溶液放电机理不同。CuSO4溶液是一种综合性能优良的潜在放电介质,采用该放电溶液大大降低了电极腐蚀,电池循环性放电试验验证了放电策略的可行性,对废旧锂电池回收具有重要意义。Residual power release is an important pretreatment step to prevent thermal runaway from occurring in the recycling process of used lithium-ion batteries,and chemical discharge is the most studied method of lithiumion battery residual power release.However,the problem of corrosion and pollutant release during the chemical discharge reaction has been neglected.In this paper,the discharge reaction of used lithium batteries in different solutions is studied in detail.By testing the discharge reaction of 14 different solutions,it is found that most of the solutions have good discharge effect,and different types of salt solutions have different discharge mechanisms.CuSO4 solution is a potential discharge medium with excellent comprehensive performance,and the use of this discharge solution greatly reduces the electrode corrosion,and the battery cyclic discharge test verifies the feasibility of the discharge strategy,which is of great significance to the recycling of used lithium batteries.

关 键 词：废旧锂电池 残余电量释放 盐溶液 放电效率 污染物排放 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]