运动因子对神经元线粒体功能障碍的改善作用及机制  

Ameliorating Effects and Mechanisms of Exerkines on Mitochondrial Dysfunction of Neurons

作　　者：胡帅 武心茹 邢建强 沈飞 房冬梅[1] HU Shuai;WU Xinru;XING Jianqiang;SHEN Fei;FANG Dongmei(Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China;Kunshan Huaqiao Jishan Middle School,Suzhou 215332,China;Kunshan Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital,Suzhou 215332,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学,江苏徐州221116 [2]昆山市花桥集善中学,江苏苏州215332 [3]昆山市中西医结合医院,江苏苏州215332

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2024年第6期61-72,共12页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(22YJC890023);高等教育学会科学研究规划课题重点项目(22TY0218);江苏师范大学优博学位教师科研项目(21XFRX015);江苏师范大学“十四五”第二批本科教育教学改革研究项目(JYKTY202321)。

摘　　要：神经元线粒体功能障碍是导致神经元损伤、诱发中枢神经系统疾病的重要因素。运动因子改善神经元线粒体功能障碍的机制有待阐明。系统梳理了神经营养因子、生神经细胞因子、脂肪细胞因子、能量代谢产物以及Irisin和Neurturin等运动因子在调控神经元线粒体质量控制、线粒体能量代谢、氧化应激和凋亡信号中的作用,揭示运动因子改善神经元线粒体功能障碍的相关信号通路及作用机制。综述发现,运动可刺激骨骼肌、脂肪、肝脏和大脑分泌运动因子,并通过对话作用调节系统性代谢,还可通过多条外周-中枢交互路径改善神经元线粒体功能障碍。这种积极作用可能是“运动因子网络”相互作用、串扰协调的结果,揭示运动因子介导的特定运动方案与特定机体适应的精确机制可能是未来研究的方向。Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons is an important factor leading to neuronal damage and inducing central nervous system(CNS)diseases.The mechanism by which exerkines ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons remains to be elucidated.This study systematically reviewed the roles of neural nutrition factors,nerve cell factors,adipocyte factors,energy metabolism products,and other factors such as Irisin and Neurturin,in mitochondrial quality control and energy metabolism of neurons,oxidative stress,and apoptosis signals,revealing the signaling pathways and mechanisms by which exercise factors improve mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons.It has been found that exercise can stimulate the secretion of skeletal muscle,fat,liver and brain exerkines to regulate systemic metabolism through dialogue,as well as improve mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons through multiple peripheral central interaction pathways.This positive effect is probable that the result of the interaction and crosstalk of the“exerkines network”,and revealing the precise mechanisms of specific exercise programs and body adaptations mediated by exerkines may be a direction for future research.

关 键 词：运动因子 神经元 线粒体功能障碍 中枢神经系统疾病 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]