持续近高温暴露下基于心率变异性的认知表现评价方法  

Evaluation of human cognitive performance using heart rate variability under sustained near-high temperature exposure

作　　者：朱辉 王雨菲 王怡超 高琨 苏华[2] Zhu Hui;Wang Yufei;Wang Yichao;Gao Kun;Su Hua(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China;Department of Cardiology,1st Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266520 [2]南华大学附属第一医院心血管内科,衡阳421001

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2024年第2期84-90,共7页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52378101)。

摘　　要：目的探究持续高温暴露对人体认知表现的影响规律,为因高温应急导致的认知表现降低提供解决方案,减少高温应急时航天员的误操作问题甚至安全事故。方法本研究招募了14名右利手男性受试者,在32℃、35℃、38℃、41℃这四种热环境下均连续暴露150 min,其间持续进行5种不同的认知任务(Posner Cueing Task、Deary-liewald Task、N-back Task、Wisconsin Card Task、Visual Search Task)得到相对认知表现;同时在认知测试过程中使用便携式2导联动态心电仪连续捕捉心电R波信号,并且基于心电数据进行心率变异性非线性分析,探索非线性指标SD1、Shannon entropy、α2、D2与相对认知表现的定量关系。结果结果表明,所有非线性指标均随着暴露时间与环境温度的变化而发生一定规律的变化。此外,通过相对认知表现与非线性指标的相关性分析得到相关系数最高的指标α2(相关系数为0.7)。在此基础上分析了α2与相对认知表现的定量关系,发现非线性指标α2与相对认知表现呈近似U型函数关系,当α2=0.98时,相对认知表现最差。结论本研究表明心率变异性非线性指标α2可较准确地预测近高温暴露下人的认知表现,能够为高温暴露下各行业作业人员的工效与健康评价提供一种较为可靠的客观指标。Objective To explore the influence of continuous thermal exposure on human cognitive performance.It provides solutions for the reduction of cognitive performance caused by high temperature emergency,and reduces the misoperation problems or even safety accidents of astronauts in high temperature emergency.Methods 14 righthanded male subjects were recruited and continuously exposed to four thermal environments of 32℃,35℃,38℃,and 41℃for 150 minutes,during which 5 different cognitive tasks(Posner Cueing Task,Deary-liewald Task,N-back Task,Wisconsin Card Task,Visual Search Task)were continuously performed to obtain relative cognitive performance.At the same time,a portable 2-lead holter was used to continuously capture ECG R signals during the cognitive test.Thereafter,the heart rate variability(HRV)analysis was conducted based on the ECG data,to explore the correlations between nonlinear indices(SD1,Shannon entropy,α2,D2)and the cognitive performance.Results TResults showed that all nonlinear indexes changed with the exposure time and exposure temperature with certain patterns.In addition,through the correlation analysis between relative cognitive performance and nonlinear indicators,the most relevant indicator isα2(correlation coefficient 0.7).The correlation analysis results showed that the nonlinear indexα2 had a U-shaped relationship with relative cognitive performance(correlation coefficient was 0.7).Based on that,a quantitative relationship betweenα2 and relative cognitive performance was obtained.It is found that whenα2 was equal to 0.98,the worst relative cognitive performance was observed.Conclusion This study showed that the HRV nonlinear indexα2 could serve as a reliable indicator of the cognitive performance of human during hot exposure,which provided a potential solution for the productivity and health evaluation of astronauts.

关 键 词：心率变异性 认知表现 环境温度 暴露时间 任务负荷 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]