面向飞行交互任务的三种人机交互方式效率比较研究  

A comparative study on the efficiency of three human-computer interaction modes for flight interaction tasks

作　　者：熊端琴 姚乃明 林榕 戈含笑 杜健 胡译文 丁霖[3] 吴旭 孙国强 Xiong Duanqin;Yao Naiming;Lin Rong;Ge Hanxiao;Du Jian;Hu Yiwen;Ding Lin;Wu Xu;Sun Guoqiang(Air Force Medical Center of AFMU,Beijing 100142,China;Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;China Aero Polytechnical Establishment,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心,北京100142 [2]中国科学院软件研究所,北京100190 [3]中国航空综合技术研究所,北京100028

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2024年第3期156-161,共6页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：目的针对飞行任务情境下的多通道人机交互系统,比较手动触控、眼动控制和语音控制三种人机交互模式的交互效率。方法以20名飞行员为对象,基于特定飞行任务情境,分别以三种人机交互模式完成一级(相对简单)和二级(相对复杂)交互实验任务。交互效率指标包括系统的交互时间、响应时间、融合计算时间和错误次数。实验完成后飞行员再进行主观评价,评价内容包括交互模式与任务的适配性、与使用预期的一致性、容错性、有效反馈性和对于该交互模式在未来飞行领域的应用倾向性。结果在飞行任务情境下的交互效率,手动触控、语音控制和眼动控制之间普遍存在显著性差异,但在一级和二级交互任务中的差异性各有不同。综合各级交互实验任务,得到的主要实验结果包括:(1)手动触控的交互时间最短,语音控制的交互时间最长,交互模式的主效应显著(F=18.214,P<0.001,η^(2)=0.565);(2)手动触控的响应时间最短,眼动触控的响应时间最长,交互模式的主效应显著(F=153.085,P<0.001,η^(2)=0.944);(3)手动触控的融合计算时间最短,语音控制的融合计算时间最长,交互模式的主效应显著(F=41.702,P<0.001,η^(2)=0.777);(4)语音控制的错误最少,眼动控制的错误最多,交互模式的主效应显著(χ^(2)=22.845,P<0.001,φ=1.097);(5)飞行员对语音控制的主观评价得分均高于眼动控制,且均具有统计学意义(P<0.001,P<0.01)。结论本研究针对飞行交互任务,通过实验和主观评价相结合的方式,对手动触控、语音控制和眼动控制三种交互模式的交互效率进行了比较研究,交互模式对交互效率有明显影响。手动触控在交互时间效率上有明显优势,语音控制在简单任务的准确性中占优,而眼动控制在时间效率和准确性方面均相对较弱;相比眼动控制,飞行员对语音控制表现出更高的评价和倾向性。研究结果可为多通道Objective To compare the interaction efficiency of three human-machine interaction modes with hand-touch control,eye movement control and voice control,based on a multi-channel human-machine interaction system in flight mission scenarios.Methods 20 pilots took part in the study and completed the first level(relatively simple)and second level(relatively complex)interactive experimental tasks in three human-computer interaction modes based on specific flight mission scenarios.The interaction efficiency indicators included the system's interaction time,response time,fusion calculation time,and number of errors.After the experiment was completed,the pilots conducted a subjective evaluation,which included the suitability of the interaction mode to the task,consistency with expected usage,fault-tolerance,effective feedback,and the tendency of the interaction mode to be applied in future flight fields.Results There were generally significant differences in interaction efficiency between hand-touch control,voice control,and eye movement control in flight mission scenarios,but the differences differed in first-level and second-level interaction tasks.Based on the comprehensive interaction experimental tasks at all levels,the experimental results obtained included:(1)the interaction time of hand-touch control was the shortest,the interaction time of voice control was the longest,and the main effect of the interaction mode was significant(F=18.214,P<0.001,η^(2)=0.565);(2)The response time of hand-touch control was the shortest,while the response time of eye movement control was the longest.The main effect of interaction mode was significant(F=153.085,P<0.001,η^(2)=0.944);(3)The fusion calculation time for hand-touch control was the shortest,while the fusion calculation time for voice control was the longest.The main effect of the interaction mode was significant(F=41.702,P<0.001,η^(2)=0.777);(4)The errors in voice control were the least,while those in eye movement control were the most.The main effect of interaction mode

关 键 词：多通道人机交互 手动触控 眼动控制 语音控制 交互效率 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]