不同强度正加速度暴露对人体尿液微量白蛋白、α1-微球蛋白渗出的影响  

Effect of different intensities of positive acceleration exposure on human urinary microalbumin andα1-microglobulin

作　　者：刘成刚 董利洁 郑军 Liu Chenggang;Dong Lijie;Zheng Jun(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;Department of Aeromedical Evaluation,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心临床检验科,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心医学鉴定科,北京100142

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2024年第3期162-165,共4页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：军队后勤科研计划项目(BKJ16B066)。

摘　　要：目的观察不同强度及不同时长正加速度(+Gz)暴露人体尿液微量白蛋白(MA)和尿α1-微球蛋白(α1-MG)含量的变化,探讨+Gz暴露对肾功能的影响,为进一步做好航空卫生保障和医监、医保工作提供参考。方法采集62名经载人离心机训练的受试者尿液样本,+Gz暴露强度和时长分别为+6.5 G/10 s(A组,n=15)、+6.5 G/45 s(B组,n=11)、+8 G/10 s(C组,n=23)与+9 G/10 s(D组,n=13)。采用速率散射免疫比浊法检测离心机训练前及训练后2 h、24 h尿液MA和α1-MG的含量,进行不同时间和组间数据比较。结果离心机训练结束后2 h,四组受试者尿液MA和α1-MG平均含量均较训练前显著增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),且B、D两组尿液MA平均含量显著高于A、C两组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。A、B、C、D四组中,尿液MA含量超过正常值水平者占比分别为13.3%、54.5%、17.4%和53.8%,尿α1-MG含量超过正常值水平者占比分别为26.7%、36.4%、26.1%和38.5%。离心机训练结束后24 h,四组受试者尿MA和α1-MG含量减少,与离心机训练前相比,无显著差异(P>0.05),并于离心机训练结束后48 h内全部恢复至正常水平。结论中、高强度+Gz暴露可对人体肾小球和肾小管功能造成一过性影响;随着+Gz暴露强度的增加和作用时间的延长,此影响增大,并表现出个体差异性。提示在较高强度+Gz暴露后应注意人体肾功能的监测和保护,且对歼击机飞行员肾功能异常的航空医学鉴定也具有一定参考价值。Objective To observe the change of human urinary microalbumin(MA)andα1-microglobulin(α1-MG)after different intensities and duration of+Gz exposure,and explore the effect of+Gz exposure on renal function.Methods Urinary samples of 62 young health male subjects were collected after human centrifuge training,the highest+Gz exposure intensity and duration were+6.5 G/10 s for group A(n=15),+6.5 G/45 s for group B(n=11),+8 G/10 s for group C(n=23)and+9 G/10 s for group D(n=13)respectively.Urinary MA andα1-MG were measured before and 2 hours and 24 hours after centrifuge training by rate scatteringimmune turbidimetric.The results were compared between four groups and between the different time after centrifuge training.Results The levels of urinary MA andα1-MG significantly increased 2 hours after training(P<0.05,P<0.01),and urinary MA of groups B,D were significantly higher than those of groups A,C(P<0.05,P<0.01).In subjects of A,B,C and D groups,the ratio of urinary MA beyond the normal value were 13.3%、54.5%、17.4%and 53.8%respectively and the ratio of urinaryα1-MG beyond the normal value were 26.7%、36.4%、26.1%and 38.5%respectively.Urinary MA andα1-MG of four groups decreased 24 hours after centrifuge training,there were no significant changes compared with those before training(P>0.05),and all returned to normal levels within 48 hours after training.Conclusion Moderate and high level of+Gz exposure may cause recoverable glomeruli and renal tubule function abnormalities.This effect aggravates with the increase of+Gz exposure intensity,duration and has individual differences.The study shows that human renal function should be tested and careful protected after high intensity+Gz exposure.

关 键 词：正加速度 肾功能 微量白蛋白 Α1-微球蛋白 

分 类 号：R856.5[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]