盐度、温度突变对渤海湾卤虫无节幼体存活、生长以及机体免疫的影响  

Effects of salinity and temperature mutations on survival,growth and immunity of Artemia Nauplii in Bohai Bay

作　　者：康会会 刘文 于建霖 刘敏 孔庆霞 Kang Huihui;Liu Wen;Yu Jianlin;Liu Min;Kong Qingxia(College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津300392

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2024年第4期66-73,共8页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31170442);天津市水产产业技术体系尾水处理岗位(ITTFR2018047)。

摘　　要：本研究以卤虫无节幼体为试验对象,探究了盐度和温度突变对其生长的影响,采用静水试验的方法,研究其存活率、体长以及机体免疫变化。盐度突变试验中,除盐度突变至45外,其余盐度突变组均与对照组存活率、平均生长率存在显著性差异,其中盐度5突变组存活率最低为0,盐度100突变组平均增长率最低为46.12μm/d,卤虫对向高盐度突变比向低盐度突变生存适应能力更强。卤虫无节幼体机体中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)随着盐度突变幅度增大,酶活力先升高后降低,盐度5突变组AKP、SOD酶活力较对照组下降最多,分别下降4.78金氏单位/gprot、0.70 U/mgprot,盐度100突变组ACP酶活力下降最多,下降了7.40金氏单位/gprot,可见向低盐度突变对其酶活力影响较大。温度突变试验中,30℃突变组平均生长率102.28μm/d,存活率为77.78%,仅次于对照组且无显著性差异,其余温度突变均与对照组存在显著性差异,卤虫对向低温突变比向高温突变生存适应能力更强,但生长较慢。卤虫无节幼体机体中AKP、ACP、SOD随着温度突变幅度增大,酶活力先升高后降低,40℃突变组AKP、ACP、SOD较对照组下降最多,分别为9.22金氏单位/gprot、8.76金氏单位/gprot、1.50 U/mgprot,可见向高温突变对其酶活力影响较大。结果表明:盐度、温度突变对渤海湾卤虫无节幼体的存活率、体长增长以及机体免疫具有显著影响。本研究意在找出卤虫无节幼体存活、生长能够适应的盐度、温度突变范围,为卤虫无节幼体人工培育时更好把控盐度、温度范围提供理论依据与有利支持。In this study,the effects of salinity and temperature on the growth of A.nauplii were investigated.The survival rate,body length and immune changes of A.nauplii were studied by hydrostatic experiment.In the salinity mutation experiment,except for the salinity mutation to 45,the survival rate and average growth rate of the other salinity mutation groups were significantly different from those of the control group.The lowest survival rate of the salinity 5 mutation group was 0,and the lowest average growth rate of the salinity 100 mutation group was 46.12μm/d.The activities of alkaline phosphatase(AKP),acid phosphatase(ACP)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in A.nauplii increased first and then decreased with the increase of salinity mutation.The activities of AKP and SOD in the salinity 5 mutation group decreased the most compared with the control group,which were 4.78 J/gprot and 0.70 U/mgprot,respectively.The activity of ACP in the salinity 100 mutation group decreased the most,which was 7.40 J/gprot.It was concluded that the mutation to low salinity had a great impact on its enzyme activity.In the temperature mutation experiment,the average growth rate at 30℃was 102.28μm/d,and the survival rate was 77.78%.There was no significant difference between the group and the control group,and there were significant differences between the other temperature mutations and the control group.A.nauplii was more adaptable to low temperature mutations than to high temperature mutations,but the growth was slower;The activity of AKP,ACP and SOD in A.nauplii increased first and then decreased with the increase of temperature mutation range.The AKP,ACP and SOD in 40℃group decreased the most compared with the control group,which were 9.22 J/gprot,8.76 J/gprot and 1.50 U/mgprot,respectively.It was concluded that the mutation to high temperature had a great influence on the enzyme activity.The results showed that salinity and temperature mutations had significant effects on the survival rate,body length growth and immunity of Artemia

关 键 词：卤虫无节幼体 盐度突变 存活率 体长 免疫酶活力 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]