封育对黄河上游高寒草地植被和土壤理化特征的影响  

The impact of enclosure on the vegetation and soil characteristics of alpine grassland in the upper reaches of the Yellow River

作　　者：苏生禹 谢欢 杨廷勇 姚建民 达绒 马展登 SU Shengyu;XIE Huan;YANG Tingyong;YAO Jianmin;DA Rong;MA Zhandeng(Ganzi Grassland Workstation,Ganzi 626000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]甘孜州草原工作站,四川甘孜626000

出　　处：《草学》2024年第4期61-65,共5页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：四川省科技重点研发项目-石渠县黄河流域退化草地综合治理关键技术研究及应用示范(2023YFS0479);甘孜州2022年度州级财政牦牛全产业链标准体系项目。

摘　　要：为探讨封育对黄河上游高寒草地植被和土壤理化特征的影响,以四川省甘孜藏族自治州石渠县高寒退化草地为研究对象,通过野外调查和试样分析,测定了封育条件下草地植被和土壤理化性质动态变化。结果表明,实施封育措施后禁牧区较对照区草原生态修复效果于第3年达到最大增幅,植被高度增幅为92.52%,盖度提高10.97%,生产力提升101.02%,土壤容重显著降低,为6.97%,有机碳、全氮、全磷含量显著增加,分别为69.48%、96.92%、66.99%;封育措施3年内,试验点土壤N元素在土壤修复和植被生长恢复中起主导作用,有机碳、全磷、全氮随着封育时间增加逐步达到平衡。研究结论对高寒退化草地生态修复措施和引导农牧民生产具有一定指导意义。This paper investigates the effects of enclosure on vegetation and soil characteristics in alpine steppes in the upperYellow River.Taking the alpine degraded steppes in Shiqu County,Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Ganzi,Sichuan Province as the study object,this paper investigated the dynamic variations of physical and chemical properties of vegetation and soil across the steppes under enclosure conditions through field investigation and sample analysis.The findings elucidate that following the implementation of enclosure measures,the ecological restoration efficiency of the steppes in closure sites against grazing surpassed that of comparison sites,attaining its zenith in the third year.Specifically,the increase in vegetation height was 92.52%,the coverage increased by 10.97%,and the productivity increased by 101.02%.Soil bulk density significantly decreased to 6.97%,organic carbon,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus content significantly increased by 69.48%,96.92%,and 66.99%,respectively.After the lapse of a triumvirate of years subsequent to the implementation of enclosure measures,the N element assumed an instrumental position in facilitating the restoration of soil integrity and the renaissance of vegetation proliferation.The study conclusions have certain guiding significance for ecological restoration measures and guiding farmers and herdsmen production in alpine degraded steppes.

关 键 词：高寒草地 封育 植被群落 土壤理化特征 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]