国际海底区域资源开发的惠益分享研究  

Benefit-Sharing System for Exploitation of Resources in the International Seabed Area

作　　者：曾令义 何艳梅 杨小艳 ZENG Lingyi;HE Yanmei;YANG Xiaoyan(Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410012,China;Hunan Research Center of Mine Geological Disaster Prevention and Environmental Reconstruction Technology,Changsha,Hunan 41o012,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司,湖南长沙410012 [2]湖南省矿山地质灾害防治与环境再造技术中心,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第8期31-37,共7页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52171295)。

摘　　要：随着深海科学技术的发展,国际海底区域矿产资源的商业化开发逐渐成为现实,但各利益攸关方对于缴费机制及惠益分享等核心议题的意见仍未达成一致。惠益分享是平衡发达国家与发展中国家利益、解决区域开发与环境保护矛盾的重要手段。通过文献分析法对惠益分享进行研究,基于“人类共同继承财产”原则,简要分析了惠益分享的主体与客体,重点探讨了当前惠益分享制度需要考虑的关键问题,得出了如下结论:惠益分享的主体为独立的国家或民族,客体为基于区域资源产生的收益;在执行惠益分享时,应侧重对发展中国家的利益保护,要充分考虑到代际间公平分享,还应考虑环境利益与科研利益等非货币利益的分配。基于此,对后续惠益分享制度的建立提出了相关建议,以期实现相对的公平合理。With the development of deep-sea science and technology,the commercial development of mineral resources in the international seabed area has gradually become a reality,but stakeholders have not yet to reach agreement on core issues such as the payment mechanism and benefit-sharing.Benefit-sharing is an important means of balancing the interests of developed and developing countries and resolving the conflicts between regional development and environmental protection.Through literature analysis,the study of benefit-sharing was carried out,based on the principle of"common heritage of mankind",the subject and object of benefit-sharing were briefly analyzed.Focusing on the key issues that need to be considered in the current benefit-sharing system,the following conclusions have been drawn.Firstly,the subject of benefit-sharing is the independent state or nation,and the object is the benefits generated based on the regional resources.Secondly,in the implementation of benefit-sharing,emphasis should be placed on the the protection of the interests of developing countries,and full consideration should be given to intergenerational equity in sharing,as well as the distribution of non-monetary benefits,such as environmental benefits and scientific research benefits.Finally,relevant proposals were put forward for the establishment of a benefit-sharing system,with a view to achieving relative fairness and reasonableness.

关 键 词：国际海底区域 资源开发 惠益分享 人类共同继承财产 

分 类 号：TD861.2[矿业工程—金属矿开采] D993.5[矿业工程—矿山开采] P744.3[政治法律—国际法学]