不同处理对软荚红豆育苗效果的影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Different Treatments on the Seedling Cultivation of Ormosia semicastrata

作　　者：谢石杨 林玉华 钟泳林 严法麟 谢佩吾 谢日芬 王德州 连辉明[3] XIE Shiyang;LIN Yuhua;ZHONG Yonglin;YAN Falin;XIE Peiwu;XIE Rifen;WANG Dezhou;LIAN Huiming(Pingyuan Forestry Bureau,Meizhou,Guangdong 514600,China;Guangzhou Deyuan Forestry Co.,LTD.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510419,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China;Guangdong Xingyuan Agriculture and Forestry Co.,LTD.,Meizhou,Guangdong 514700,China)

机构地区：[1]平远县林业局,广东梅州514600 [2]广州德源林业有限公司,广东广州510419 [3]广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室/广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州510520 [4]广东兴源农林有限公司,广东梅州514700

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2024年第4期57-63,共7页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省林业局自然资源事务专项资金项目“广东省林木种质资源调查”(GDZZDC20228701)。

摘　　要：为提高软荚红豆Ormosia semicastrata播种育苗效果,在研究软荚红豆果荚与种子形态特征的基础上,测定其种子室内和场圃发芽率,并采4种方法培育苗木,比较其生长效果。结果表明,软荚红豆果荚平均长为11.81 mm,平均宽为8.77 mm,平均重为0.3737 g;种子平均长为8.09 mm,平均宽为5.69 mm,千粒重为242.32 g。果荚出籽率约为64.84%。室内最高发芽率为70.00%,平均发芽率为53.33%,从第7天开始发芽,21天后结束;不同方法处理种皮,场圃发芽率差异极显著,以T6处理发芽率最高,为84.37%;4种处理培育苗木,以T2(黄心土基质且全光照)保存率较高,达到94.44%。两种基质相比,黄心土保存率比轻基质保存率高5.55个百分点,软荚红豆幼苗生长相当缓慢,11个月平均苗高为6.61 cm,平均苗径1.75 mm。In order to improve the sowing and seedling raising of Ormosia semicastrata,based on the study of the morphological characteristics of the fruit pods and seeds of O.semicastrata,the germination rate of soft pod red bean was measured in the laboratory and field,and 4 kinds of treatments were selected to compare the seedling cultivation techniques.The results showed that the average length of the pods of O.semicastrata was 11.81 mm,the average width was 8.77 mm and the average weight was 0.3737 g.The average seed length was 8.09 mm,the average width was 5.69 mm,the 1000-grain weight was 242.32 g.The seed rate of fruit pods was about 64.84%.In the laboratory,the highest germination rate was 70%and the average germination rate was 53.33%.The germination started from the 7th day and ended after 21 days.The germination rate was significantly different in different treatments,and the highest germination rate was 84.37%in the T6 treatment.The preservation rate of the seedlings in T2(yellow soil matrix and full light)was 94.44%.Compared with the two substrates,the retention rate of yellow core soil was 5.55 percentage points higher than that of light sub-strate,and the growth of O.semicastrata seedlings was rather slow,with an average seedling height of 6.61 cm and an average seedling diameter of 1.75 mm at 11 months.

关 键 词：软荚红豆 形态特征 发芽率 育苗 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]