基于生态瞬时评估法探索自杀意念对情绪的影响  

Exploring the Influence of Suicidal Ideation on Affect Based on Ecological Momentary Assessment

作　　者：徐冲 张尚 赵丹 杨丽[1,2,3] 白苏妤 XU Chong;ZHANG Shang;ZHAO Dan;YANG Li;BAI Su-yu(School of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Laboratory of Suicide Behavior Research,Tianjin 300350,China;Institute of Applied Psychology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Tianjin Arts and Crafts Vocational College,Tianjin 300143,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院,天津300350 [2]天津市自杀心理与行为研究实验室,天津300350 [3]天津大学应用心理研究所,天津300350 [4]天津工艺美术职业学院,天津300143

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2024年第4期837-842,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目:数字时代下青少年心理健康问题的形成机制、评估系统和网络干预研究(21BSH017)。

摘　　要：目的:探索自杀意念对情绪的影响。方法:采用方便取样的方法,对31名过去一个月内有自杀意念的大学生进行为期7天的生态瞬时评估。被试每天随机接受5次评估,以记录其当前自杀意念和情绪状态。被试也可在自杀意念出现时主动发起评估。结果:(1)从有自杀意念的T时刻至无自杀意念的T+1时刻,消极情绪降低,积极情绪增加;(2)从自杀意念发生前(T-1)到自杀意念发生后(T+1),积极情绪均分和兴奋情绪显著降低,其他情绪无显著变化;(3)事后分析发现,消极情绪及多种具体情绪在T-1至T时刻增加,在T时刻达到顶峰,T至T+1时刻降低,开心情绪则在T-1至T时刻降低,在T时刻达到低谷,在T至T+1时刻增加。结论:自杀意念对情绪具有调节作用,这一发现将有助于解释自杀意念的长期维持,并为临床自杀干预提供指导。Objective:To explore the influence of suicidal ideation on affect by using ecological momentary assessment(EMA).Methods:Selected by convenient sampling method,31 college students with suicidal ideation in the past month were included.During the 7-day EMA phase,participants rated their momentary suicidal ideation and affect up to 5 times per day.Participants also could initiate a survey whenever they had suicidal ideation.Results:First,participants reported reduction in negative affect and increase in positive affect when participants went from a period when they were experiencing suicidal thoughts to a period when they were not.Second,we examined changes in affect before and after participantinitiated reports of suicidal thinking.Positive affect and specific affect“active”decreased,and there were no significant changes in other affect states.Then,we divided the time frame before and after participant-initiated reports of suicidal ideation into two time periods,namely T-1 to T and T to T+1.Results indicated that individuals who initially reported suicidal ideation over the course of the study experienced increases in negative affect(including afraid,sad,shameful,guilty,and painful)prior to an episode of suicidal ideation that peaked during the episode and decreased in the hours following the episode.The opposite change pattern was observed for specific affect“happy”.Conclusion:The findings provide evidence supporting the affect regulation of suicidal ideation and help to explain the long-term maintenance of suicidal ideation.

关 键 词：大学生 自杀意念 情绪 生态瞬时评估 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]