毒品相关线索对戒毒人员时间知觉和跨期决策的影响  

The Impact of Drug-related Cues on Time Perception and Intertemporal Decision-Making in Drug Abstainers

作　　者：何赟 周冰涛 蒲璐萌 杨波[3] HE Yun;ZHOU Bing-tao;PU Lu-meng;YANG Bo(Zhejiang Police College,Hangzhou 310053,China;School of Criminal Justice,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China;School of Sociology,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江警察学院,杭州310053 [2]中国政法大学刑事司法学院,北京100088 [3]中国政法大学社会学院,北京100088

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2024年第4期912-916,793,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32371131);国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3321503)。

摘　　要：目的:本研究考察毒品相关线索对戒毒人员时间知觉和跨期决策的影响。方法:首先给被试呈现不同类型的图片(毒品相关线索VS.中性线索),然后要求被试进行时距评估和跨期决策。整个研究分为两个实验:实验1比较毒品相关线索组被试(n=56)和中性线索组被试(n=58)的短时距评估差异;实验2对比毒品相关线索组被试(n=64)和中性线索组被试(n=60)的长时距评估和跨期决策差异,并对毒品相关线索、时距评估和跨期决策三者间的关系进行了探讨。结果:(1)实验1发现,在毒品相关线索下被试会高估短时距(1200ms、1600ms)。(2)实验2发现,在毒品相关线索下被试会高估长时距(30天),倾向于选择近期较小的奖励。长时距评估在毒品相关线索与跨期决策之间起中介作用。结论:毒品相关线索对戒毒人员的时间知觉和跨期决策存在影响,主要表现为毒品相关线索启动会导致戒毒人员显著高估时距,并倾向于选择较小的即时获益。Objective:This study examined the effects of drug-related cues on time perception and intertemporal decision-making in drug abstainers.Methods:Subjects were first presented with different images(drug-related cues VS.neutral cues),and then asked to perform time interval assessment and intertemporal decision-making.There were two experiments in the whole study:Experiment 1 compared the difference of short-term evaluation between the drug-related cue group(n=56)and the neutral cue group(n=58);Experiment 2 compared the differences in long-term assessment and intertemporal decision making between subjects in the drug-related cue group(n=64)and the neutral cue group(n=60),and explored the relationship among drug-related cues,time interval assessment and intertemporal decision-making.Results:(1)Experiment 1 found that subjects overestimated the short time(1200ms,1600ms)under drug-related cues.(2)Experiment 2 found that under drug-related cues,subjects overestimated the long time(30 days)and tended to choose the recent smaller reward.Long-term assessment played a mediating role between drug-related cues and intertemporal decision-making.Conclusion:Drug-related cues can affect time perception and intertemporal decision-making among recovering addicts,which are manifested as drug-related cures leading to a significant overestimation of temporal distance and a greater preferencefor smaller-and-sooner rewards.

关 键 词：毒品相关线索 时间知觉 跨期决策 戒毒人员 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]