Will artificial intelligence widen the therapeutic gap between children and adults?  

作　　者：Matthew Nagy Bryan Sisk Albert Lai Eric Kodish 

机构地区：[1]Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine,Case Western Reserve University,Cleveland,Ohio,USA [2]Department of Pediatrics,Division of Hematology/Oncology,Washington University School of Medicine,St.Louis,Missouri,USA [3]Department of Medicine,Bioethics Research Center,Washington University School of Medicine,St.Louis,Missouri,USA [4]Institute for Informatics,Washington University School of Medicine,St.Louis,Missouri,USA [5]Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation,Cleveland Clinic Children’s,Cleveland,Ohio,USA

出　　处：《Pediatric Investigation》2024年第1期1-6,共6页儿科学研究（英文）

摘　　要：The impending rise of artificial intelligence(AI)-powered healthcare offers exciting hope for improved care and outcomes in children with serious illnesses.1 The historical precedent in healthcare,however,suggests that advancements in adult care do not necessarily result in proportional progress in pediatrics.This disparity was first noted in the mid-20th century when tragedies that involved drugs with well-studied and known adult safety profiles,such as sulfonamide elixir and thalidomide,resulted in harm to children due to limited pediatric clinical trial inclusion.2 As a result,legislation in 1962 required drug companies to include package labels that restricted or dissuaded the use of medications in children that were not properly studied in this population.2 Subsequently,physicians became reluctant to prescribe many medications,and pharmaceutical companies had little incentive to enroll children in trials as an unfavorable result could negatively impact sales in the adult market,and a successful outcome would only marginally increase the market pool.3 This lack of access led Dr.Harry Shirkey to describe children as"therapeutic orphans"in 1968.2 After more than half a century of legislation aimed at increasing pediatric representation in research and drug development(Figure 1),enrollment of children in clinical trials remains disproportionately low,4 with children included in as few as 12%of trials for diseases with a burden equal to,or greater in,the pediatric versus adult population.

关 键 词：COMPANIES FIGURE PROPERLY 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]