柔嫩艾美耳球虫贵阳株对6种抗球虫药物的耐药性试验  

Drug resistance test of Eimeria tenella Guiyang strain to six anticoccidial drugs

作　　者：杜鹏 向万江 杨佳佳 陈影 韦泽慧 陈联越 王碧 鲜思美[1,2,3] DU Peng;XIANG Wanjiang;YANG Jiajia;CHEN Ying;WEI Zehui;CHEN Lianyue;WANG Bi;XIAN Simei(College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Animal Disease Research,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Biological Products,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省动物疫病研究室,贵阳550025 [3]贵州省动物生物制品工程技术研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第15期93-98,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：贵州大学基础研究项目(贵大基础[2023]12号);贵州大学引进人才科研基金项目(贵大人基合字[2020]69号;贵大人基合字[2021]17号)。

摘　　要：为探究柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella,E.tenella)贵阳株对6种抗球虫药物的耐药性,试验将1日龄黄羽蛋鸡144只随机分为地克珠利组(D组)、妥曲珠利组(T组)、莫能菌素组(M组)、盐酸氯苯胍组(Y组)、癸氧喹酯组(G组)和磺胺氯吡嗪钠组(H组)6个给药组及感染模型组(C组)和空白对照组(K组),每组18只鸡,在14日龄时,对6个给药组分别连续给药8 d;15日龄时,除K组外,其余各组一次口服接种E.tenella贵阳株孢子化卵囊2×10^(4)个,观察各组雏鸡临床症状,计算雏鸡增重、相对增重率、料肉比、盲肠病变记分、每克盲肠内容物卵囊数和存活率、最适抗球虫活性百分数、盲肠病变记分减少率、相对卵囊产量和抗球虫指数(ACI),综合判断E.tenella贵阳株对6种抗球虫药物的耐药性。结果表明:口服接种E.tenella贵阳株孢子化卵囊3 d后,除K组外,各组雏鸡均表现出食欲下降、排血便等临床症状;D组、G组和Y组雏鸡的食欲、饮水及精神状态等较C组稍好,症状较轻。D组增重和相对增重率最大,增重显著高于C组(P<0.05);且料肉比最低,显著低于C组(P<0.05)。D组、Y组和G组盲肠病变记分显著低于C组和H组(P<0.05);D组、T组、M组、Y组和G组每克盲肠内容物中的卵囊数显著低于C组和H组(P<0.05)。M组存活率为90%,其他各组均为100%;D组、G组、Y组ACI>180,D组最佳(ACI=196.60)。E.tenella贵阳株对地克珠利无耐药性,对盐酸氯苯胍和癸氧喹酯轻度耐药,对妥曲珠利中度耐药,对磺胺氯吡嗪钠和莫能菌素完全耐药。说明贵阳地区在防治E.tenella病时,应将地克珠利作为首选药物,盐酸氯苯胍和癸氧喹酯作为备选药物(抑制球虫在体内增殖的效果较好),停止使用妥曲珠利、磺胺氯吡嗪钠和莫能菌素,并注意轮换、交叉、联合用药,避免产生耐药性。In order to investigate the drug resistance test of Eimeria tenella(E.tenella)Guiyang strain to six anticoccidial drugs,in the test,one hundred and forty-four one-day old Yellow-Feathered laying hens were randomly divided into six administration groups,including diclazuril group(Group D),toltrazuril group(Group T),monensin group(Group M),chlorpheniramine hydrochloride group(Group Y),decoquinate group(Group G),and sulfaclozin sodium group(Group H)as well as infection model group(Group C)and blank control group(Group K),with 18 hens in each group.At 14 days of age,the six dosing groups were each given the drug continuously for 8 d.At 15 days of age,all groups except group K were orally inoculated with 2×10^(4) sporulated oocysts of E.tenella Guiyang strain at one time.Clinical symptoms of chicks in each group were observed;weight gain,relative weight gain rate,feed-to-meat ratio,cecum lesion score,number of oocysts per gram of cecum content and survival rate,optimal anticoccidial activity percentage,reduction rate of cecum lesion score,relative oocyst production and anticoccidial index(ACI)were recorded,and the resistance of E.tenella Guiyang strain to six anticoccidial drugs was comprehensively determined.The results showed that 3 d after oral inoculation with sporulated oocysts of E.tenella Guiyang strain,all groups of chicks showed clinical symptoms such as decreased appetite and bloody stools,except group K.The chicks in groups D,G and Y showed slightly better appetite,water intake and mental status than those in group C,and the symptoms were less severe.Group D had the greatest rate of weight gain and relative weight gain,which was significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05),and had the lowest feed-to-meat ratio,which was significantly lower than that of group C(P<0.05).The cecum lesion scores of groups D,Y and G were significantly lower than those of groups C and H(P<0.05);the number of oocysts per gram of cecum content of groups D,T,M,Y and G was significantly lower than those of groups C and H(P<0.05

关 键 词：蛋鸡 柔嫩艾美耳球虫 病变值 卵囊值 抗球虫指数 化学抗球虫药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：S855.9[农业科学—临床兽医学]