低强度超声促进药物递送的作用机制及研究进展  

Mechanisms and Research Progress of Low-Intensity Ultrasound in Drug Delivery

作　　者：朱文武 杨辉 胡凯 严国飞 王帆 Zhu Wenwu;Yang Hui;Hu Kai;Yan Guofei;Wang Fan(Evaluation Center of Medical Device of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省医疗器械审评中心,杭州310000

出　　处：《中国生物医学工程学报》2024年第4期477-488,共12页Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering

摘　　要：近年来,低强度超声促进药物递送的相关研究发展迅速,其应用涵盖多个给药场景,包括经皮给药(超声导入术)、声动力治疗以及血脑屏障开放等。从这3个视角入手,阐述了低强度超声促进药物递送的作用机制,包括热效应、空化效应、机械效应及生理调节效应等诸多生物效应,强调了局部空化作用和机械作用的重要性。此外,通过引用相关研究成果,展示了低强度超声在药物递送中的有效性,并指出了需进一步解决的相关问题,如药物释放的可控性与临床治疗的安全性,最后,概述了超声技术与纳米材料相结合,有望拓展药物递送的创新路径,为临床治疗提供更多有效安全的治疗方案。Noninvasive low-intensity ultrasound(LIUS)has been applied in multiple fields of clinical therapy and widely investigated and discussed due to its excellent therapeutic outcome.Recently,researches on LIUS in promoting drug delivery in many applications have been booming,covering multiple drug delivery scenarios and application directions,including transdermal drug delivery(sonophoresis),sonodynamic therapy,and brain blood barrier(BBB)opening.This article delves into mechanisms of LIUS from above three perspectives,covering many biophysical effects including thermal effect,cavitation effect,mechanical effect,and physiological regulatory effect,with particular emphasis on the importance of local cavitation and mechanical effects.In addition,this article highlights the effectiveness of LIUS in drug delivery,while also points out issues that need to be further addressed,such as controllability of drug release and safety of clinical treatment.Domestic and foreign studies have shown that the combined application of ultrasound and nanomaterials has enormous potential.In the future,combining ultrasound with nanomaterials and other technologies is expected to lead to innovative development in the field of drug delivery and provide more effective treatment plans for clinical treatment.

关 键 词：低强度超声 药物递送 经皮给药 声动力治疗 血脑屏障开放 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]