中国环流三号聚变加料超声分子束注入系统有效距离研究  

Study on Effective Distance of Supersonic Molecular Beam Injection System for HL-3 Tokamak

作　　者：肖国梁 陈程远[1] 刘生晖 殷娇 许可 朱毅仁 王驰宇 冯北滨[1] 钟武律[1] XIAO Guoliang;CHEN Chengyuan;LIU Shenghui;YIN Jiao;XU Ke;ZHU Yiren;WANG Chiyu;FENG Beibin;ZHONG Wulv(Southwestern Institute of Physics,Chengdu 610225,China;Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education,School of Energy and Environment,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Zigong 643002,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业西南物理研究院,四川成都610225 [2]东南大学能源与环境学院能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210096 [3]四川轻化工大学,四川自贡643002

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2024年第S01期174-181,共8页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12105086,U21A20440);中核集团“青年英才”项目。

摘　　要：中国自主研发的超声分子束注入技术在国际聚变装置中广泛应用,其中有效距离(即注入器出口至第1马赫盘的距离)是关键设计指标,尤其需保证此距离大于注入器至等离子体边界间的距离。本文针对中国环流三号(HL-3 Tokamak)的超声分子束系统进行了有效距离的深入研究。仿真结果显示,实际运行条件下,影响有效距离的关键因素是气源压力。模拟揭示了有效距离与气源压力间存在1/2幂指数关系,与常规超声分子束束流的定标规律相符,但在高压力比条件下,原定标关系可能低估有效距离。通过修正后的定标关系,研究表明中国环流三号装置中超声分子束系统的有效距离即使在小气源压力9×10^(4) Pa下也能满足注入器至等离子体边界距离的要求。Supersonic molecular beam injection(SMBI)technology,an indigenous fusion fueling technique in China,have been implemented widespread in international nuclear fusion devices.The effective distance stands out as a pivotal parameter for the system,defined by the span between the injector outlet and the front of the first Mach disk.Notably,the effective distance of SMBI on fusion devices must surpass the expanse from the injector outlet to the plasma boundary.This study conducted an in-depth investigation into the application of the SMBI system within nuclear fusion devices,with a specific focus on analyzing how gas source pressure affects the effective distance of the beam,which is crucial for ensuring the supersonic beam’s efficient penetration to the plasma boundary.To achieve this,a hybrid approach combining computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation with experimental testing was employed.The design of the SMBI system was based a modified conical structure developed from the Laval nozzle structure,which was modeled using SolidWorks and then subjected to detailed fluid dynamics simulations within the Fluent software environment.These simulations were aimed at examining the impact of varying cone angles and gas source pressures on the airflow’s velocity and density distribution.The results from the simulations indicate that while the cone angle of the injector has a limited effect on the effective distance,the gas source pressure is a decisive factor.Research is found that the effective distance is directly proportional to the square root of the gas source pressure,a finding that aligns with existing scaling relationships within a certain pressure ratio range.However,beyond the conventional scaling range of 5 to 17000,the existing relationships are found to be insufficient for accurately predicting the effective distance at higher pressure ratios.In response to this,the study introduced a novel scaling relationship that was applicable to a broader pressure ratio range,specifically from 10000 to 50000.This new

关 键 词：超声分子束注入 有效距离 中国环流三号 聚变加料 

分 类 号：TL99[核科学技术—核技术及应用] O53[理学—等离子体物理]