压水堆核电厂大修换料时间优化研究  

Study on Refueling Time Optimization of PWR Nuclear Power Plant

作　　者：姚亦珺 于大鹏 皮月 Yao Yijun;Yu Dapeng;Pi Yue(China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100840,China;Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100082,China;China Nuclear Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核电工程有限公司,北京100840 [2]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [3]中核能源科技有限公司,北京100193

出　　处：《核安全》2024年第4期110-119,共10页Nuclear Safety

摘　　要：核电厂能力因子是国际公认的核电厂运营效率衡量指标,其定义为一个固定时期内(通常为一年),发电机组的可用发电量与额定发电量的比值,即核电机组能力因子等于机组额定发电量减去电量损失之差除以机组额定发电量。其中,换料大修工期是影响电量损失的重要因素。根据国际原子能机构(IAEA)的数据,最近10年世界各类型核电机组的能力因子几乎都在85%左右。核电厂发电创造的社会价值及经济价值的多少与其能力因子直接相关,而能力因子与一年的净发电量成正比,因此,提高能力因子就需要提高净发电量。随着核电厂运行技术水平的提高,正常运行期间,除了一些必要的核安全相关的试验需要损失功率外,核电机组几乎很少发生异常功率损失。然而,根据核电机组自身核燃料设计的特点以及核安全相关设备的可靠性要求,核电机组不得不定期进行大修。因此,大修工期长短造成的计划能量损失的多少就成为影响机组能力因子最主要的因素。本文从大修工期中较为耗时的方面着手,在系统工艺设计优化的角度缩短大修工期时间,从而减少机组能量损失。How to evaluate the operational efficiency of nuclear power plants,there is an internationally recognized me Nuclear power plant capacity factor is an internationally recognized measurement index of nuclear power plant operation efficiency,which is defined as the ratio of the available generation capacity of the generator set to the rated generation capacity within a fixed period(usually one year),that is,the capacity factor of the nuclear power unit is equal to the rated generation capacity of the unit minus the power loss difference divided by the rated generation capacity of the unit.Among them,the refueling overhaul period is an important factor affecting the power loss.According to the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA),in the last 10 years,the capacity factor of all types of nuclear power units in the world is almost 85%.The amount of social value and economic value created by nuclear power plant power generation is directly related to its capacity factor,and the capacity factor is proportional to the net power generation of a year,so improving the capacity factor must improve the net power generation.With the improvement of the technical level of nuclear power plant operation,abnormal power loss of nuclear power units rarely occurs during normal operation,except for some necessary nuclear safety-related tests that require power loss.However,according to the characteristics of the nuclear fuel design of nuclear power units and the reliability requirements of nuclear safety-related equipment,nuclear power units have to be overhauled regularly.Therefore,the amount of planned energy loss caused by the length of the overhaul period has become the most important factor affecting the capacity of the unit.This paper starts from the more time-consuming aspects of the overhaul period and shortens the overhaul period from the perspective of system process design optimization,so as to reduce the energy loss of the unit.

关 键 词：能力因子 换料大修 能量损失 大修工期 

分 类 号：TL48[核科学技术—核技术及应用]