火电CO_(2)排放连续监测的国际经验分析及启示  

Analysis of International Experience in Continuous Monitoring of CO_(2) Emissions from Thermal Power Plants and Its Insights for China

作　　者：张春雷 赵良 刘逍 黄海威 赵勇 彭思龙[3] 舒印彪 Zhang Chunlei;Zhao Liang;Liu Xiao;Huang Haiwei;Zhao Yong;Peng Silong;Shu Yinbiao(Energy Research Institute of China Huaneng Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100031,China;China Huaneng Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100031,China;Institute of Automation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;State Grid Corporation of China,Beijing 100031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国华能集团有限公司能源研究院,北京100031 [2]中国华能集团有限公司,北京100031 [3]中国科学院自动化研究所,北京100190 [4]国家电网有限公司,北京100031

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2024年第4期134-151,共18页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“我国碳达峰碳中和若干重大问题研究”(2022-PP-01)。

摘　　要：为了推动我国火电CO_(2)排放连续监测技术的发展应用、助力我国碳排放统计核算体系建设,本文在文献调研、专家研讨、技术剖析的基础上,以美国、欧盟等为重点,从应用机组类型、实施标准制定、失效应对措施、监测技术选型、关键技术研发、支撑火电低碳化发展、监测报告核查、测量准确度评价等8个方面,对国际火电CO_(2)排放连续监测的发展经验进行了分析。借鉴国际有益经验,结合我国火电CO_(2)排放连续监测的发展现状,提出发展建议:充分考虑技术应用特点和我国火电实际情况,研究制定配套政策法规;加快完善技术实施标准规范,增强标准的引领和支撑作用;强化对已有烟气流量计测量情况的统计分析,为相关工作开展提供参考;加强火电烟气流量测量研究工作,提升CO_(2)排放连续监测技术水平;推进数字化技术在监测报告核查中的应用,支撑CO_(2)排放连续监测的闭环管理;健全连续排放监测系统测量准确度评价标准体系,提升我国碳排放数据的国际认可度。To promote the development and application of continuous monitoring technologies for CO_(2)emissions from thermal power plants in China and support the establishment of a carbon emission statistics and accounting system in the country,this study analyzes the international experience in the continuous monitoring of CO_(2)emissions from thermal power plants using literature research,expert discussion,and technical interpretation,with a focus on the United States and the European Union.The analysis covers eight aspects:types of units applying the technology,formulation of implementation standards,measures for dealing with failures,selection of monitoring technologies,research on key technologies,support for the low-carbon development of thermal power plants,verification of monitoring reports,and evaluation of measurement accuracy.Drawing on international beneficial experience and considering the current status of continuous monitoring of CO_(2)emissions from thermal power plants in China,the study proposes the following suggestions:(1)formulating supporting policies and regulations while considering the characteristics of technology application and the actual situation of thermal power plants in China,(2)accelerating the improvement in technical implementation standards and specifications to enhance the guiding and supporting role of standards,(3)strengthening the statistical analysis of the measurements using existing flue gas flow meters to provide references for relevant work,(4)enhancing research on flue gas flow measurement in thermal power plants to improve the technical level of continuous monitoring of CO_(2)emissions,(5)promoting the application of digital technologies in the verification of monitoring reports to support closed-loop management of continuous monitoring of CO_(2)emissions,and(6)improving the evaluation standards system for measurement accuracy of continuous emission monitoring systems to enhance the international recognition of China’s carbon emission data.

关 键 词：碳排放统计核算体系 火电 CO_(2)排放 连续监测 连续排放监测系统 碳市场 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TM621[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]