我国海洋港口新能源技术应用发展探析  

Application of New Energy Technologies in Marine Ports of China

作　　者：伍婧 涂敏[1,2] 严新平 杨家其[1,2] 易秋宇 Wu Jing;Tu Min;Yan Xinping;Yang Jiaqi;Yi Qiuyu(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety,Wuhan 430063,China;Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院,武汉430063 [2]水路交通控制全国重点实验室,武汉430063 [3]武汉理工大学智能交通系统研究中心,武汉430063

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2024年第4期234-244,共11页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“山东创新驱动‘加快建设世界一流海洋港口’的战略研究”(2023-DFZD-25);亚洲开发银行咨询项目(20233h0326)。

摘　　要：推进我国海洋港口新能源技术应用是落实“双碳”战略目标、实现海洋港口可持续发展的重要途径。本文总结了我国海洋港口用能的现状及趋势,从经济性、需求度、成熟度3个维度出发,剖析了涉及海上风电、光伏发电、氢能、潮汐能、生物质能的海洋港口新能源技术应用的基本属性;进一步从技术性、经济性、技术政策性3个方面讨论了我国海洋港口中各类新能源技术应用的制约因素。研究发现,我国新能源技术发展水平与应用需求不匹配、集中性技术发展平台缺乏、盈利模式不健全、现有标准与政策不完善等因素,共同制约了各类新能源技术在海洋港口中的应用。为此建议,建立关键核心技术协同攻关体系、合力突破技术难题以降低应用成本,发布港口多能融合网络指导意见、建立多能互补综合能源供给体系,优化港口新能源技术应用激励机制、提升港口应用新能源积极性,健全港口可再生能源应用的标准和规范、构建新型储能配套机制。Promoting the application of new energy technologies in marine ports is an important way to realize the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and achieve the sustainable development of ports in China.This study summarizes the current situation and trends of energy consumption in marine ports of China and analyzes the basic attributes of the application of new energy technologies in marine ports from three dimensions:economical efficiency,demand,and maturity;it involves offshore wind power,photovoltaic power generation,hydrogen energy,tidal energy,and biomass energy.Factors that constrain the application of new energy technologies in China’s marine ports are further discussed from three aspects:technology,economical efficiency,and technological policy.Our research indicates that the mismatch between the development level and application needs of new energy technologies,lack of centralized technology-development platforms,inadequate profit models,and imperfect standards and policies collectively constrain the application of new energy sources in marine ports of China.Therefore,we propose the following suggestions:(1)establishing a collaborative research and development system for key core technologies to overcome technical difficulties and reduce application costs,(2)issuing guidance on multi-energy integration networks for ports to establish a multi-energy-complementary energy supply system,(3)optimizing the incentive mechanism for the application of new energy technologies in ports to enhance the enthusiasm of ports to apply new energy sources,and(3)improving the standards and norms for renewable energy application in ports to build a novel energy-storage supporting mechanism.

关 键 词：海洋港口 港口用能 新能源 属性分析 多能融合 

分 类 号：U65[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]