中山市一次臭氧重污染过程污染来源和减排效果模拟分析  

Modeling Study of Source Contributions and Emission Control Effects During a Heavy Ozone Pollution Event in Zhongshan City

作　　者：蒋争明 杨满芽 高缨红 张颖姬 陈吟晖 麦健华 赵志远 陈焕盛 JIANG Zhengming;YANG Manya;GAO Yinghong;ZHANG Yingji;CHEN Yinhui;MAI Jianhua;ZHAO Zhiyuan;CHEN Huansheng(Zhongshan Ecological Environment Monitoring Station of Guangdong Province,Zhongshan 528400,China;Zhongshan Meteorological Observatory,Zhongshan 528400,China;3 Clear Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100029,China;State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC),Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省中山生态环境监测站,广东中山528400 [2]中山市气象台,广东中山528400 [3]中科三清科技有限公司,北京100029 [4]中国科学院大气物理研究所,大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2024年第4期66-79,共14页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：中山市社会公益与基础研究项目(2021B2004)。

摘　　要：利用WRF-CMAQ模式和中山市空气质量预报预警业务系统中的NAQPMS模式,对中山市2022年9月一次臭氧(O_(3))重污染过程进行了污染过程分析、来源解析和减排评估分析。WRF-CMAQ模式能较好地模拟出该时段的气象条件、二氧化氮及O_(3)浓度的变化过程。该次O_(3)污染过程主要是由台风外围下沉气流叠加大陆高压等不利气象条件引起的。本地排放及区域输送对中山市O_(3)浓度的平均贡献率分别为20.5%和79.5%,区域输送占主导。对中山市O_(3)浓度贡献最大的两个来源分别是交通源和溶剂使用源,平均贡献率分别为39.6%和35.6%。工业源的贡献也不可忽略,平均贡献率为9.9%。单独针对中山市进行减排,无法消除本次重度污染天气,表明单个城市减排难以抵御区域性大范围污染过程,需加强区域联动。模拟结果显示,对中山、广州、东莞、佛山、江门和深圳等珠三角重点城市进行联合减排,减排力度越大则空气质量改善越明显。当减排力度达到100%时,可消除中度及以上污染天气,但依然存在轻度污染天气,表明大幅度减排可以显著降低O_(3)浓度峰值和减少O_(3)污染天数,但仍难以完全抵御极端不利气象条件的影响。In this paper,WRF-CMAQ model and NAQPMS model of the Zhongshan air quality forecasting and early warning system were used to analyze the ozone(O_(3))pollution process,source apportionment and emission control effects of a heavy O_(3)pollution event in Zhongshan City in September 2022.The WRF-CMAQ simulations showed reasonable agreement with the meteorological,nitrogen dioxide and O_(3)observations.This O_(3)pollution event was mainly caused by adverse meteorological conditions such as the downdraft around the typhoon and the continental high pressure.The contribution percentages of local emissions and regional transport to the O_(3)concentration in Zhongshan were 20.5%and 79.5%,with regional transport dominated.In terms of emission sectors,the two largest contributors to O_(3)in Zhongshan were transportation and solvent sources,with an average contribution of 39.6%and 35.6%,respectively.The contribution of industrial sources cannot be ignored,with an average contribution of 9.9%.Modeling results showed that emission reduction in Zhongshan alone cannot eliminate the heavy pollution days,indicating that emission reduction in a single city is difficult to resist the regional large-scale pollution event,and regional joint prevention and control is needed to deal with ozone pollution event.The effects of joint emission reductions in the key cities of Pearl River Delta including Zhongshan,Guangzhou,Dongguan,Foshan,Jiangmen and Shenzhen were evaluated by model sensitivity simulations.The greater of the intensity of emission reduction will get the more obvious of the improvement of air quality.When the emission reduction ratio reaches 100%,the pollution days of moderate and above levels will be eliminated,but there are still pollution days of mild level.It indicates that substantial emission reduction can significantly reduce the O_(3)peak concentrations and pollution days,but it is still difficult to fully resist the impact of extreme adverse meteorological conditions.

关 键 词：中山市 臭氧 数值模拟 来源解析 减排 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]