海洋养殖柔性网衣结构水动力特性研究进展  

Research Process for the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Flexible Net Structures for Offshore Aquaculture

作　　者：凌爱军 梁园华 赵德辉 范仲琪 赵云鹏[2] LING Aijun;LIANG Yuanhua;ZHAO Dehui;FAN Zhongqi;ZHAO Yunpeng(Offshore Engineering Technology Center of China Classification Society,Tianjin 300457,China;State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Dalian Changhai County Marine and Fishery Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船级社海洋工程技术中心,天津300457 [2]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [3]大连市长海县海洋与渔业综合行政执法队,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2024年第4期223-236,共14页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD0901001)资助。

摘　　要：发展深水网箱养殖是保障我国粮食及食品安全的长远战略,也是缓解近海网箱养殖环境胁迫力、拓展食物生产空间的必然选择。发展深水网箱养殖首先需要面对的突出挑战是养殖设施在外海恶劣海况下的安全性问题。网衣是深水网箱的主体结构,由于其自身具有高柔性、小尺度的特点,在波浪和水流作用下易出现大位移和大变形的极端响应。当前,网衣结构分析技术已成为我国深水网箱养殖工程技术的薄弱环节,一定程度上制约当前海上养殖网箱向大型化和深水化发展。因此,网衣水动力特性研究对于深远海网箱养殖的发展具有重要意义。本研究系统介绍了计算网衣水动力荷载的主要方法及其适用范围。同时,对网衣动态响应数值计算中的主流建模技术进行了总结和分析。最后,根据目前网衣水动力特性研究中存在的热点问题,提出了网衣流固耦合分析、生物污损分析、数字孪生技术等前沿发展方向,为网衣水动力学分析向数字化、精准化发展提供参考。With the increase in global population,the demand for aquatic products rises annually.As a sustainable industry,aquaculture offers a promising solution to address the growing demand for fish products.Meanwhile,intensifying and expanding sustainable aquaculture is essential for achieving the United Nations’global goal of the Decade of Action.Cage culture is a typical aquaculture method used globally.This culture method has the following advantages:(Ⅰ)Highly researched with a long history:cage culture has been in use since the 1970s.Cultivating high-value aquatic products through cage culture has become indispensable in aquaculture.(Ⅱ)The development prospects of cage culture are broad and include realization of the comprehensive breeding of different species.In the integrated multi-nutritive aquaculture(IMTA)system,cage culture enables a multi-species combination in which uneaten feed and nutrients from the excreted waste of one breeding species are used as food for other breeding species,thereby reducing nutrients released into the environment and increasing overall productivity.Net cage culture in shallow waters has grown exponentially in the past few decades.However,due to the limited space in nearshore areas and an increasing number of countries paying attention to the environmental problems caused by cage culture,the method has gradually shifted to deeper waters to ensure food security and safety.At the same time,alleviating environmental stress caused by nearshore cage culture and the expansion of the food production space are inevitable.Compared with nearshore aquaculture,the environmental conditions of offshore aquaculture are more complex,and the net cages are inevitably subjected to harsh sea conditions.To achieve the safe production of offshore aquaculture,it is crucial to study wind and wave resistance technology for use in culture net cages.As an essential part of net cages,the netting system is mainly used to maintain breeding space,protect the breeding species,prevent them from escaping,and pr

关 键 词：深水网箱养殖 网衣 水动力特性 有限元方法 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：TV13[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]