英国工党中间道路的回归及其影响  

The Return of Centrism in the British Labour Party and Its Implications

作　　者：王展鹏[1,2] 陆准 Wang Zhanpeng;Lu Zhun

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学英国研究中心 [2]北京外国语大学区域与全球治理高等研究院

出　　处：《现代国际关系》2024年第8期61-81,142,共22页

基　　金：北京外国语大学2022年度“双一流”建设重点标志性项目(2022SYLA004)“大变局下欧盟在全球治理中的角色研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：2010年以来英国工党经历了从左翼激进政策到务实中间道路的转变:在意识形态上,向市场导向的社会民主主义倾斜,强调实现“国家复兴”;在经济上,以“安全经济学”为基础、以产业政策为抓手统筹增长、产业和社会政策目标;在对外战略上提出“进步现实主义”的理念,力图实现在西方主导的国际秩序中发挥关键角色和促进国家繁荣目标之间的平衡。英国工党的中间道路回归是大变局下英国政党政治逻辑和诸多内外部危机共同驱动的结果,也面临英国自身现实和全球、地区层面变化的诸多制约。随着工党在2024年大选中获胜,其执政理念与政策实践将对英国未来的政治格局、经济社会发展和国际角色演变产生深刻影响,成为英国能否走出近年来国家治理困境的一个重要节点。The 14 years from 2010 to 2024 have witnessed the British Labour Party's gradual repositioning from a radical left-wing party to a pragmatic centrist one.To date,the Labour Party has quietly turned to a market-oriented social democracy and tried to unite the whole nation under the banner of “national renewal.” The party introduces the concept of Securonomics,and utilizes industrial strategies to coordinate its economic and social policies.Moreover,under the guidance of “progressive realism,” the Labour Party has strived to balance between securing the UK's pivot role in the Western-dominated international order and achieving the prosperity in the UK.The return of Labour's political centrism is driven by both the logic of British party politics and the multiple crises at home and abroad.Its policy outcomes will also be constrained by the UK's reality as well as the changes in Europe and worldwide.In the aftermath of the Labour Party's landslide victory in the 2024 General Election,its ideology and policies would significantly impact British political,economic,and social landscapes and the UK's international role,which also has the potential to serve as a critical juncture for Britain to get out of its recent crisis of state governance.

关 键 词：英国 工党 中间道路 大选 意识形态 

分 类 号：D756.1[政治法律—政治学]