力学刺激在破骨细胞分化中的作用  

Role of Mechanical Stimulation in Osteoclast Differentiation

作　　者：王涵 于志锋[1] WANG Han;YU Zhifeng(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants,Department of Orthopedic Surgery,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院骨科,上海市骨科内植物重点实验室,上海200011

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2024年第4期775-782,共8页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12372308,12172223)。

摘　　要：骨组织细胞主要有成骨细胞、破骨细胞、骨细胞3种类型,与细胞外基质共同维持骨的结构完整性和功能性。破骨细胞专门负责骨吸收,通过释放酸性物质和蛋白水解酶降解骨基质,发挥骨吸收作用;通过与成骨细胞相互协调,共同维持骨稳态。破骨细胞增多,导致骨吸收增加,从而引起骨质疏松症等骨骼疾病;破骨细胞生成过少,将导致骨吸收减弱等相关疾病,例如骨硬化症。因此,对于破骨细胞功能的精确调控,在维持骨稳态的平衡中发挥极为关键的作用。既往研究多从生物化学角度解释和阐述各种生物因素对破骨细胞的调控。然而越来越多的研究证实,力学刺激在破骨细胞分化过程中发挥着重要的作用。本文着眼于力学刺激对破骨细胞分化的影响,讨论力学刺激在其中可能发挥的作用,并对该领域的新发现以及未来的发展进行探讨。The main types of bone tissue cells include osteoblasts,osteoclasts,and osteocytes,which work together with the extracellular matrix to maintain the structural integrity and functionality of the bone.Osteoclasts are specifically responsible for bone resorption,degrading the bone matrix through the release of acidic substances and proteolytic enzymes.Osteoclasts coordinate with osteoblasts to maintain bone homeostasis.An increased number of osteoclasts leads to an increased bone resorption,which can cause osteoporosis and other skeletal diseases;deficiency in osteoclast generation can lead to a weakened bone resorption and related diseases,such as osteopetrosis.Therefore,a precise regulation of osteoclast function plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of bone homeostasis.Previous studies have mostly explained and elaborated on the regulation of osteoclasts by various biological factors from a bio-chemical perspective.However,more and more studies have confirmed that mechanical stimulation plays an important role in the differentiation process of osteoclasts.This review focuses on the impact of mechanical stimulation on osteoclast differentiation,discusses the possible roles it may play,and explores the new discoveries and future development in this field.

关 键 词：破骨细胞 力学刺激 骨吸收 骨重建 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]