小麦籽粒钙和钾含量的QTL定位及遗传效应分析  

QTL Mapping and Genetic Effect Analysis of Calcium and Potassium Content in Wheat Grain

作　　者：洪壮壮 曾占奎 宋俊乔 李琼 颜群翔 赵越 毕俊鸽 张伟 王春平[1,2] HONG Zhuangzhuang;ZENG Zhankui;SONG Junqiao;LI Qiong;YAN Qunxiang;ZHAO Yue;BI Junge;ZHANG Wei;WANG Chunping(College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China;The Shennong Laboratory,Zhengzhou 450099,China;Luoyang Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471000 [2]神农种业实验室,河南郑州450099 [3]洛阳市农业技术推广服务中心,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《华北农学报》2024年第4期37-46,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(231100110300);神农种业实验室一流课题(SN01-2022-01)。

摘　　要：钙和钾是小麦重要的矿质营养元素,发掘和探索与其含量相关的遗传机制及效应对于人体营养健康具有重要意义。旨在为小麦籽粒矿质元素生物强化育种提供理论基础,以Avocet/Chilero(AC)构建的164份F 6重组自交系(RILs)和以Avocet/Huites(AH)构建的175份F 6 RILs为材料,分析了2个群体在5个环境下籽粒钙(GCa)和钾(GK)含量的表型变异,结合DArT芯片分型结果,共定位到19个与籽粒钙含量相关的QTL,分别位于1A、1D、2A、2B、3A、3D、4A、4B、4D、5A、5B、7A、7B和7D染色体上,解释了3.23%~16.29%的表型变异,同时共定位到23个与籽粒钾含量相关的QTL,分别位于1B、2A、2B、3A、3B、4A、4D、5A、6A、6B和7D染色体上,解释了3.31%~24.66%的表型变异。其中,QGCa.haust-1A、QGCa.haust-AC-5A和QGK.haust-AC-2A.2可在多环境下被定位到,QGCa.haust-1A和QGCa.haust-AC-5A分别解释了表型变异的7.82%~12.72%和9.68%~15.57%,其物理区间为498.67~532.21 Mb和461.52~486.26 Mb,QGK.haust-AC-2A.2解释了表型变异的8.15%~15.20%,其物理区间为354.61~462.37 Mb。通过对3个位点的遗传效应分析可知,分别携带QGCa.haust-1A、QGCa.haust-AC-5A和QGK.haust-AC-2A.2效应位点能有效增加小麦籽粒中的钙和钾含量,聚合效应分析表明,同时携带QGCa.haust-1A效应位点和QGCa.haust-AC-5A效应位点的株系钙含量极显著高于仅携带单一位点的株系。综上,在1A、2A和5A染色体上定位到3个与籽粒钙和钾含量相关的稳定主效位点,其显著提高了小麦籽粒钙和钾含量。Calcium and potassium are important mineral nutrient elements in wheat.It is significant to explore the related genetic mechanisms and effects on human nutritional health.To provide a theoretical basis for biofortification breeding of trace elements in wheat grains,we used 164 F 6 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)derived from Avocet/Chilero(AC)and 175 F 6 RILs derived from Avocet/Huites(AH).Our investigation focused on phenotypic variations in grain calcium(GCa)and grain potassium(GK)content in five environments.QTL mapping was conducted with diversity arrays technology(DArT)chip.Nineteen QTLs associated with grain calcium content were identified,distributed on chromosomes 1A,1D,2A,2B,3A,3D,4A,4B,4D,5A,5B,7A,7B,and 7D,explaining 3.23%-16.29%of phenotypic variation.Simultaneously,23 QTLs linked to grain potassium content were identified on chromosomes 1B,2A,2B,3A,3B,4A,4D,5A,6A,6B,and 7D,explaining 3.31%-24.66%of phenotypic variation.QGCa.haust-1A,QGCa.haust-AC-5A and QGK.haust-AC-2A.2 were located in multiple environments.QGCa.haust-1A and QGCa.haust-AC-5A explained 7.82%-12.72%and 9.68%-15.57%of phenotypic variation,and the physical intervals were 498.67-532.21 Mb and 461.52-486.26 Mb,respectively.QGK.haust-AC-2A.2 explained 8.15%-15.20%of phenotypic variation,with a physical range of 354.61-462.37 Mb.The genetic effect analysis of QGCa.haust-1A,QGCa.haust-AC-5A,and QGK.haust-AC-2A.2 showed that each locus effectively increased the calcium and potassium content in wheat grain.Aggregation effect analysis indicated that the lines with QGCa.haust-1A and QGCa.haust-AC-5A effect loci had highly significantly higher calcium content than those with only a single locus.In summary,three stable loci of grain calcium and potassium content are mapped on chromosomes 1A,2A,and 5A,which could significantly increase calcium and potassium content in wheat grain.

关 键 词：小麦 钙元素 钾元素 QTL 遗传效应 

分 类 号：S512.03[农业科学—作物学]