四倍体小麦成株抗白粉病基因定位  

Molecular Mapping of Adult Plant Resistance Gene to Powdery Mildew in Tetraploid Wheat

作　　者：闫贵云 古春霞 王敏[1] 谭丹 刘晓宇[2] 卢成达 左静静 YAN Guiyun;GU Chunxia;WANG Min;TAN Dan;LIU Xiaoyu;LU Chengda;ZUO Jingjing(Shanxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Molecular Improvement,College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;College of Sericulture,Textile and Biomass Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400799,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,作物遗传与分子改良山西省重点实验室,山西太原030031 [2]西南大学蚕桑纺织与生物质科学学院,重庆400799

出　　处：《华北农学报》2024年第4期187-193,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划青年科学研究项目(202203021212418);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX20231A037);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(2023CYJSTX02)。

摘　　要：四倍体小麦是普通小麦的祖先种,也是重要的粮食作物。发掘四倍体小麦抗病种质并鉴定其携带的抗病基因,旨在为小麦新品种选育提供新抗源。TDI-1是栽培二粒小麦,在多年的田间种植过程中表现出对白粉病免疫的表型。为了确定TDI-1携带的抗病基因,为小麦白粉病抗性遗传提供理论依据,首先将其与表现为感白粉病表型的硬粒小麦TDU-1进行杂交并构建了遗传群体,然后对亲本及其杂交F_(1)、F_(2)、F_(2:3)群体进行了白粉菌小种E09接种试验和抗病性分析,最后利用混合分离群体分析法(BSA)对抗白粉病基因进行了定位。结果表明,TDI-1在苗期对E09表现为感病,在成株期对E09表现为抗病;TDI-1和TDU-1的F_(1)植株在成株期对E09表现为抗病;F_(2)群体中,表现为抗病的单株数和感病的单株数的比例符合3∶1(χ^(2)_(3∶1)=0.11,P=0.74);F_(2∶3)家系中,纯合抗病、抗病性分离、纯合感病的家系数目之比符合1∶2∶1(χ^(2)_(1∶2∶1)=0.47,P=0.79),表明TDI-1成株期白粉病抗性由1个显性基因控制,暂将其命名为PmTDI-1。对TDI-1和TDU-1及其杂交后代F_(2)群体进行分子标记筛选,发现4个位于2A染色体短臂上的分子标记Xwmc407、NRM-2AS29、NRM-2AS45和NRM-2AS84与PmTDI-1紧密连锁,其中,NRM-2AS45和NRM-2AS84位于两侧,遗传距离分别为1.8,4.6 cM。由此,将成株期抗白粉病基因PmTDI-1初步定位于2A染色体短臂上。研究结果显示,从四倍体小麦TDI-1中鉴定到1个新的显性成株抗白粉病基因PmTDI-1。Tetraploid wheat is the ancestor specie of common wheat and an important food crop.Aiming to provide new resistance sources for wheat variety breeding,the resistance tetraploid wheat germplasm was explored and their resistance genes were identified.TDI-1 is a cultivated emmer wheat that has been immune to powdery mildew in the field for many years.To determine the resistance genes carried by TDI-1,and provide a theoretical basis for genetic improvement of wheat resistance,a durum wheat TDU-1 that was susceptible to powdery mildew was used to hybridize with TDI-1,and their F_(1)plants,F_(2)population,and F_(2∶3)lines were obtained.Genetic analysis of resistance was conducted on parents TDI-1,TDU-1,and their hybrid offspring that were inoculated with powdery mildew isolate E09.Then,bulked segregant analysis method combined with molecular markers was used to map the resistance gene.The results showed that TDI-1 was susceptible to E09 during the seedling stage but immune during the adult stage.F_(1)plants derived from the cross of TDI-1 and TDU-1 were immune to E09 during the adult stage.The resistance of adult F_(2)individuals was separated,and the ratio of resistant and susceptible plants was 3∶1(χ^(2)_(3∶1)=0.11,P=0.74);the ratio of the number of homozygous resistant,separated resistant,and homozygous susceptible F_(2∶3)lines was 1∶2∶1(χ21∶2∶1=0.47,P=0.79),indicating that the resistance to powdery mildew in the adult stage of TDI-1 was controlled by one dominant gene,temporarily named PmTDI-1.Subsequently,a set of molecular markers was used to amplify the parents and their F_(2)population,and then four markers on chromosome 2A,including Xwmc407,NRM-2AS29,NRM-2AS45 and NRM-2AS84,confirmed to be linked to PmTDI-1.PmTDI-1 was between the flanking markers NRM-2AS45 and NRM-2AS84,with genetics distances of 1.8 cM and 4.6 cM,respectively.Therefore,the adult stage powdery mildew resistance gene PmTDI-1 was preliminarily localized on chromosome 2A.This study identified a novel dominant adult-plant-resist

关 键 词：四倍体小麦 白粉病 抗病基因 混合分离群体分析法 基因定位 

分 类 号：S435.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S512.03[农业科学—植物保护]